< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/šęga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From an earlier *xęga, attested mainly in South Slavic and from there spread into East Slavic. Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keng- (“to tilt, to skew”) or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ksen- (compare Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to scrape, to mow”), *ksew- (“to hinder”)).

Noun

*šę̋ga f[1]

  1. joke, prank, silliness
  2. cunning

Declension
Declension of *šęga (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *šęga *šędzě *šęgy
genitive *šęgy *šęgu *šęgъ
dative *šędzě *šęgama *šęgamъ
accusative *šęgǫ *šędzě *šęgy
instrumental *šęgojǫ, *šęgǫ** *šęgama *šęgami
locative *šędzě *šęgu *šęgasъ, *šęgaxъ*
vocative *šęgo *šędzě *šęgy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *šęgati, *šęgovati (“to joke, to prank”)
  • *šęgavъ (“giddy”)
  • *šujь (“left-handed”)
  • *šutъ (“fool, clown”)
    • ⇒ Old East Slavic: шутъка (šutŭka, “joke”)
  • *xudъ (“small, weak, handicap”)
  • *ščęka, *ščeka (“cheekbone”) (possibly of Germanic origin)

Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: шѧга (šęga)
    • Bulgarian: шега́ (šegá)
    • Macedonian: шега (šega)
    • Slovene: šẹ́ga (“disposition, cunning”)

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “шега”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016) “šẹ́ga”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *šę̋ga”
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