< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-ki

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative forms
  • *-kï
  • *-gi
  • *-gï

Etymology

For the sense 2, compare Proto-Mongolic *-ki, as in *manu-ki (“ours”).

Suffix

*-ki

  1. Suffix used to form an adjectival or nominal meaning "that which belongs to.".
    ‎*eb (“house”) + ‎*-ki → ‎*ebdeki (“the one at the house”)
  2. Indicates belonging to a person or group.
    ‎*biŕniŋ (“our”) + ‎*-ki → ‎*biŕniŋki (“ours”)

Usage notes
  1. Unlike in some daughter languages, the Proto-Turkic form changes with vowel harmony.
  2. This word has a feature where there is an "unstable n" that occurs only when it is conjugated, so the form becomes *-kI(n-).
    ‎*ebinki (“the house's (thing)”) + ‎*-ki → ‎*ebinkinde (“at the house's (thing)”)

Derived terms
  • *-de-ki (“the one at”)
  • *-niŋ (“genitive case”)
  • *-im (“suffix equiping headword for first-person”)
  • *-iŋ (“suffix equiping headword for second-person”)
  • *-si (“suffix equiping headword for third-person singular”)
  • *-imiŕ (“suffix equiping headword for first-person plural”)
  • *-iŋiŕ (“suffix equiping headword for second-person plural”)

Descendants
  • Oghuz:
    • West Oghuz:
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
        • Azerbaijani: -ki, -kü
        • Ottoman Turkish:
          • Turkish: -ki, -kü
  • Karluk:
  • Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Kazakh: -кі (-kı)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: -ки (-ki), -кү (-kü), -кы (-kı), -ку (-ku), -ги (-gi), -гү (-gü), -гы (-gı)
  • Siberian:
    • North Siberian:
      • Yakut: -ги (-gi) (Attested in only pronouns.)
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