Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yaka

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yaka

collar
edge

Declension

Declension of *yaka

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*yaka
Accusative	yakanï, yakag ⁴⁾, *yakanïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*yakanïŋ
Dative	*yakaka
Locative	*yakada
Ablative	*yakadan
Allative	*yakagaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*yakan
Equative ²⁾	*yakača
Similative ²⁾	*yakalayu
Comitative ²⁾	*yakalïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫуха (śuh̬a, “collar”)
- →? Hungarian: nyak

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yaqqa (“collar”)
Proto-Oghuz: *yaka
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: yaxa (“collar; bank”)
    - Persian: یقه (“collar”)
      - → Khalaj: yaxa (“collar”)
    - Ottoman Turkish: یاقه (yaka)
      - Turkish: yaka
      - → Albanian: jakë
      - → Arabic: يَاقَة (yāqa)
      - → Armenian: յախա (yaxa)
      - → Aromanian: iácã, yiácã
      - → Bulgarian: яка́ (jaká)
      - → Greek: γιακάς (giakás)
      - → Macedonian: јака (jaka)
      - → Romanian: iaca
      - → Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: ја̏ка
        Latin script: jȁka
- Oghuz-Uyghur:
  - Salar: yaqa
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: ýaka
Karluk:
- Uyghur: ياقا (yaqa)
- Uzbek: yoqa (“collar; side; shore, bank”)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: яға (yağa)
  - Tatar: яка (yaka)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: yaqa
  - Kumyk: якъа (yaqa)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: жаға (jağa, “collar”)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: жака (jaka, “collar”)
  - Southern Altai: јака (ǰaka, “collar, shore, bank”)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (jaqa, “collar”)
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: һака (haka, “Sakha”)
  - Yakut: саҕа (sağa, “collar; edge”), саха (saqa, “Sakha”)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: чаға (çağa, “trousers/pants' belt; edge”)
    - Shor: чаға (çağa)

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