dzestrs

Derived from dzest (an older, also dialectal, form of dzēst “to put out (fire), to extinguish, to erase” (q.v.); cf. also the related verb dzist “to go out (fire); to become cold, cool”), with an extra -ra: *dzes-ra-s > *dzesrs > dzestrs with an epenthetic t.[1]

• IPA^(key): [dzæstɾs]

dzestrs (definite dzestrais, comparative dzestrāks, superlative visdzestrākais, adverb dzestri)

1. (of air, wind) fresh, (pleasantly) cool

   dzestrs vējš ― cool, fresh wind

   pēc kodīgas nakts salnas krīt lapas... patīkami sajust dzestro gaisu ― after the biting night frosts, leaves are falling... it is nice to feel the cool air

2. (of weather, places, time periods) fresh, cool (characterized by fresh, cool air, wind, breezes)

   dzestrs laiks ― cool weather

   dzestrs rīts ― cool morning

   laukā ļoti dzestrs ― it is very cool outside

   kļuva krietni dzestrs ― it became quite cool

   dzestrā kapā likties ― to lie down in a cool grave

   oktobra pēdējās dienas bija dzestras; pūta griezīgs vējš ― the last days of October were cool; the wind blew shrill

3. (of earth, sand, water) cool, also humid, damp

   dzestrs ūdens ― cool water

   dzestras smiltis ― cool, humid sand

   dzestra zeme ― cool, humid earth

   pēdīgi, jūlija beigās, iepūtās spirgtākas vēsmas... dzestrāks ūdens ieplūda sasilušajā līča kaktā, parādījās zivis ― at last, at the end of July, fresher breezes were blowing... cooler water flew into the warmer corner of the gulf, the fish came up

4. (of light, the sun) cool (such that it does not provide warmth)

   visu pēcpusdienu spodra, bet dzestra novembra saule spīdēja pār Daugavu ― the whole afternoon a shiny but cool November sun shone over the Daugava (river)

5. (figuratively, of people, their behavior) cold, chilly (without tenderness, without warmth, distant, aloof)

   pret māti es biju vienmēr dzestra, bet tēvu mīlēju ― to mother I was always cold, but father I loved

   savādi dzestra un atturīga bija viņa izturēšanās ― her behavior was oddly cold and restrained

   “Tad es tevi netraucēšu vairāk. Sveika!” viņa balss bija kļuvusi pavisam dzestra ― “In this case I will not disturb you any longer. Goodbye!” his voice had become completely cold

• auksts
• spirgts
• svaigs
• vēss

• dzestrums