καίω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kayyō, past that is uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂w-, with cognates such as Lithuanian kūlė, Latvian kūla, and possibly Persian سو (su, “light”).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Verb

καίω • (kaíō)

  1. to light, kindle, set on fire
  2. to burn, burn up
  3. to cause to be extremely cold (e.g. of frost)
  4. (passive voice) to burn with passion
  5. (middle voice) to make a fire for oneself
  6. (medicine) to cauterize

Inflection

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Greek: καίω (kaío), καίγω (kaígo)
  • English: ink

References

  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “καίω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 618

Further reading

Greek

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek καίω (kaíō); the form καίγω (kaígo), from Medieval καίγω (kaígō), from Proto-Hellenic *kayyō. Also see καύση (káfsi, “burning”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈce.o/
  • Hyphenation: καί‧ω

Verb

καίω • (kaío) (past έκαψα, passive καίγομαι, p‑past κάηκα, ppp καμένος)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to burn, burn down, set on fire
  2. to cremate
  3. to singe
  4. to sterilise

Conjugation

Derived terms

  • το καίω (to kaío, “I celebrate very much”, literally “I burn it!”) (idiomatic)
  • αποκαίω (apokaío, “burn completely”), αποκαίγω (apokaígo)
  • κατακαίω (katakaío, “burn completely”), κατακαίγω (katakaígo)
  • κρυφοκαίω (kryfokaío, “burn secretely”)
  • συγκαίω (sygkaío)

From stem καψ-

  • καψαλίζω (kapsalízo, “to scorch”) & related words
  • καψερός (kapserós)
  • κάψιμο n (kápsimo)
  • καψόνι n (kapsóni)
  • καψούρης (kapsoúris)

From stem καυ- as in the ancient verb καίω (kaíō)

  • see: καύση f (káfsi, “burning, combustion”)

Further reading

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