まっとう

Japanese

Alternative spellings
全う
真っ当
完う

Etymology

/mat̚taku/ → /mat̚taũ/ → /mat̚tɔː/ → /mat̚toː/

From 全く (mattaku, “completely”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of adjective 全い (mattai, “complete, perfect”). The sense shift to “proper, respectable” is indicated by the ateji (当て字) spelling 真っ当, which reanalyses the term as 真っ (mat̚-, intensifying prefix) +‎ 当 (tō, “right, proper”).

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) まっとー [màttóó] (Heiban – [0])[1] for verb and adjectival senses
  • (Tokyo) まっと​ー [màttóꜜò] (Nakadaka – [3])[1] for the adjectival sense
  • IPA(key): [ma̠t̚to̞ː]

Adverb

まっとう • (mattō) ←まつたう (matutau)?

  1. (archaic) 全う: Synonym of 全く (mattaku, “completely”)

Verb

まっとうする • (mattō suru) ←まつたう (matutau)?suru (stem まっとうし (mattō suru shi), past まっとうした (mattō suru shita))

  1. 全う, 完う: to complete, finish, accomplish, fulfill
    Synonyms: 完遂 (kansui), 完了 (kanryō)
    Antonyms: 打ち切る (uchikiru), 止める (yameru)
    任(にん)務(む)を全(まっと)うする
    ninmu o mattō suru
    to complete a mission

Conjugation

Adjective

まっとう • (mattō) ←まつたう (matutau)?-na (adnominal まっとうな (mattō na na), adverbial まっとうに (mattō ni ni))

  1. 真っ当, 全う, 完う: honest, proper, decent, just

Usage notes

This term is often spelled in hiragana.

Inflection

Derived terms

  • 律(りち)義(ぎ)まっとう (richigi mattō)

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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