柊

柊 U+67CA, 柊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67CA
← 柉
[U+67C9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 柋 →
[U+67CB]

Translingual

Han character

柊 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木竹水卜 (DHEY), four-corner 47933, composition ⿰木冬)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 518, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14610
  • Dae Jaweon: page 906, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1187, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+67CA

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 柊

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (冬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
疼 *dɯːŋ, *duːŋ
冬 *tuːŋ
苳 *tuːŋ
笗 *tuːŋ
炵 *tʰuːŋ, *duːŋ
佟 *duːŋ
鼕 *duːŋ
鉖 *duːŋ
終 *tjuŋ
螽 *tjuŋ
鼨 *tjuŋ
柊 *tjuŋ
鴤 *tjuŋ
泈 *tjuŋ
蔠 *tjuŋ

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 柊
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職戎切
Baxter tsyuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cuwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiuŋ/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zung1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 柊
Reading # 1/1
No. 2431
Phonetic
component		 冬
Rime
group		 終
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 終
Old
Chinese		 /*tjuŋ/

Definitions

柊

  1. holly osmanthus

Compounds

References

Japanese
Shinjitai 柊
Kyūjitai
[1]
柊󠄁
柊+󠄁?
(Adobe-Japan1)
柊󠄃
柊+󠄃?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
柊

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. holly osmanthus (Osmanthus heterophyllus)

Readings

Etymology 1
Osmanthus heterophyllus
柊 (hīragi): a holly osmanthus
Kanji in this term
柊
ひいらぎ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
疼木
鮗

⟨pi1pi1ra ki2⟩ → */pʲipʲiraɡʷi/ → /fifiraɡi/ → /hiwiraɡi/ → /hiːraɡi/

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Kojiki (712 CE).

Appears to derive as the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of now-obsolete verb 疼ぐ (hīragu, “to hurt with a stinging pain”), in reference to the sharp thorns on the leaves.[2]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “extend for "spotnape ponyfish" sense”)

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ひ​いらぎ [híꜜìràgì] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
  • IPA(key): [çiːɾa̠ɡʲi]

Noun

柊(ひいらぎ) or 柊(ヒイラギ) • (hīragi) ←ひひらぎ (fifiragi) or ヒヒラギ (fifiragi)?

  1. 疼木: Osmanthus heterophyllus, a species of flowering plants known as the holly olive, holly osmanthus, or false holly
    Hypernym: 木犀 (mokusei)
  2. a style of 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with designs of hīragi leaves
  3. 鮗: Nuchequula nuchalis, the spotnape ponyfish
    Hypernym: 鱸 (suzuki)
Usage notes
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)鰯(いわし) (hiiragi-iwashi, “sardine and holly charm”)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)樫(ガシ) (hiiragigashi)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)崎(さき) (Hiiragisaki)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)挿(さ)す (hiiragi sasu)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)沢(さわ), 柊(ひいらぎ)澤(さわ) (Hiiragisawa)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)澤(ざわ) (Hiiragizawa)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)草(ソウ) (hiiragisō, “Ajuga incisa”)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)冬青(ソヨゴ) (hiiragi soyogo)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)連朶(デンダ) (hiiragi denda)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)菜(ナ) (hiiragina, “mizuna”)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)南天(ナンテン) (hiiragi nanten, “Mahonia japonica”)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)野(の) (Hiiragino)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)原(はら) (Hiiragihara)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)木犀(モクセイ) (hiiragi mokusei)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)本(もと) (Hiiragimoto)
  • 柊(ヒイラギ)黐(モチ) (hiiragimochi)
  • 柊(ひいらぎ)山(やま) (Hiiragiyama)
  • 支那(シナ)柊(ヒイラギ) (Shina hiiragi)
  • 西洋(セイヨウ)柊(ヒイラギ) (seiyō hiiragi)
  • 斑(フ)入(イリ)柊(ヒイラギ) (fuiri hiiragi)

Proper noun

柊(ひいらぎ) • (Hīragi) ←ひひらぎ (fifiragi)?

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
柊
ひらぎ
Jinmeiyō
irregular

/hiːraɡi/ → /hiraɡi/

Shift from hīragi above.[4][2]

Noun

柊(ひらぎ) or 柊(ヒラギ) • (hiragi) 

  1. Same as ひいらぎ (hīragi) above

Proper noun

柊(ひらぎ) • (Hiragi) 

  1. a surname

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
柊
しゅう
Jinmeiyō
kan’on

/t͡ɕɨu/ → /ɕʲuː/ → /ɕuː/

From Middle Chinese 柊 (MC tsyuwng).

Proper noun

柊(しゅう) • (Shū) 

  1. a female given name

References
  1. Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1118 (paper), page 610 (digital)
  2. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

柊 • (jong) (hangeul 종, revised jong, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

柊: Hán Nôm readings: dông

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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