犬馬之勞

Chinese

		dogs and horses; a personal pronoun used by a subject when addressing a monarch	's; him/her/it; this	toil
trad. (犬馬之勞)		犬馬	之	勞
simp. (犬马之劳)		犬马	之	劳

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): quǎnmǎzhīláo

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄓㄌㄠˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: quǎnmǎzhīláo [Phonetic: quánmǎzhīláo]
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄓㄌㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cyuǎnmǎjhihláo
  - Wade–Giles: chʻüan³-ma³-chih¹-lao²
  - Yale: chywǎn-mǎ-jr̄-láu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheuanmaajylau
  - Palladius: цюаньмачжилао (cjuanʹmačžilao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯³⁵/

Idiom

犬馬之勞

humble and faithful service to one's master (e.g. the emperor)
- 玄德曰：「公既奉詔討賊，備敢不效犬馬之勞？」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  玄德曰：「公既奉诏讨贼，备敢不效犬马之劳？」 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14^th century CE
  Xuándé yuē: “Gōng jì fèngzhào tǎozéi, Bèi gǎn bù xiào quǎnmǎzhīláo?” [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

犬馬之力／犬马之力 (quǎnmǎzhīlì)

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