玻璃

Chinese
phonetic
trad. (玻璃) 玻 璃
simp. #(玻璃) 玻 璃
2nd round simp. 玻玏
alternative forms 玻瓈／玻璃

Etymology

From Prakrit words for crystal or quartz; cf. Prakrit 𑀨𑀸𑀮𑀺𑀅 (phālia) (Ji, 1998v4); from Sanskrit स्फटिक (sphaṭika). Cognate with Pali phalika (“crystal”), Thai ผลึก (pà-lʉ̀k, “crystal”), Lao ຜະລຶກ (pha lưk), ຜະລິກະ (pha li ka), Khmer ផលិក (phɑlək), etc. The meaning has been shifted to refer to glass (the material).

Pronunciation

Note: bo1 lei4 - literary, rare.
Rime
Character 玻 璃
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 滂 (2) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 戈 (95) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 滂禾切 呂支切
Baxter pha lje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pʰuɑ/ /liᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pʰuɑ/ /liɛ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pʰuɑ/ /ljɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pʰwa/ /liə̆/
Li
Rong		 /pʰuɑ/ /lie/
Wang
Li		 /pʰuɑ/ /lǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pʰuɑ/ /lie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 pō lí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 po1 lei4

Noun

玻璃

  1. glass (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m c)
    玻璃吹製／玻璃吹制  ―  bōli chuīzhì  ―  glassblowing
    小心玻璃。  ―  Xiǎoxīn bōli.  ―  Caution — glass door.
    緊急時擊破玻璃。 [MSC, trad.]
    紧急时击破玻璃。 [MSC, simp.]
    Jǐnjí shí jīpò bōli. [Pinyin]
    Break glass in emergency.
  2. generic term for any film material with glass-like transparency, such as cellophane, nylon, plastic, etc. (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
  3. (Wuhan Mandarin, humorous) eyeglasses; spectacles
  4. (Sichuanese, humorous) plain boiled water
  5. (slang) gay person; male homosexual

Synonyms
  • (glass): 琉璃 (liúlí)
  • (eyeglasses):
Dialectal synonyms of 眼鏡 (“eyeglasses”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 靉靆, 眼鏡
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 眼鏡
Mandarin Beijing 眼鏡兒, 眼鏡子
Taiwan 眼鏡
Tianjin 眼鏡兒
Harbin 眼鏡兒, 鏡子
Yantai (Muping) 眼鏡
Jinan 眼鏡子, 鏡子
Luoyang 眼鏡兒, 二餅兒 derogatory
Wanrong 眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 二柄子 derogatory
Zhengzhou 眼鏡
Xi'an 眼鏡
Yinchuan 眼鏡
Lanzhou 眼鏡子, 鏡子, 二軲轆 humorous
Xining 眼鏡兒, 眼鏡兒子
Ürümqi 眼鏡子, 鏡子
Wuhan 眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 玻璃 humorous
Huanggang 眼鏡兒
Chengdu 眼鏡兒, 眼鏡
Guiyang 眼鏡
Guilin 眼鏡
Liuzhou 眼鏡
Xuzhou 二餅 humorous
Yangzhou 眼鏡子
Nanjing 眼鏡, 二餅 humorous
Malaysia 眼鏡
Singapore 眼鏡
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 眼鏡子
Cantonese Guangzhou 眼鏡, 眼枷
Hong Kong 眼鏡
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 眼鏡
Macau 眼鏡
Guangzhou (Panyu) 眼鏡
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 眼鏡
Guangzhou (Conghua) 眼鏡
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 眼鏡
Foshan 眼鏡
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 眼鏡
Foshan (Shunde) 眼鏡
Foshan (Sanshui) 眼鏡
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 眼鏡
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 眼鏡
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 眼鏡
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 眼鏡
Zhuhai (Doumen) 眼鏡
Jiangmen (Baisha) 眼鏡
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 眼鏡
Taishan 眼鏡
Kaiping (Chikan) 眼鏡
Enping (Niujiang) 眼鏡
Heshan (Yayao) 眼鏡
Dongguan 眼鏡, 二文錢 dated
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 眼鏡
Shaoguan 眼鏡
Yunfu 眼鏡
Xinyi 眼鏡
Lianjiang 眼鏡
Nanning 眼鏡
Wuzhou 眼鏡
Yulin 眼鏡
Hepu (Lianzhou) 眼鏡
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 眼鏡
Singapore (Guangfu) 眼鏡
Gan Nanchang 眼鏡子
Lichuan 眼鏡
Pingxiang 眼鏡
Hakka Meixian 目鏡, 眼鏡
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 眼鏡
Dongguan (Qingxi) 眼鏡
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 眼鏡
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 眼鏡
Wuhua (Huacheng) 眼鏡
Wuhua (Changbu) 眼鏡
Wuhua (Mianyang) 眼鏡
Conghua (Lütian) 眼鏡
Jiexi 目鏡
Luhe 目鏡
Yudu 眼鏡
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 目鏡
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 眼鏡
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 目鏡
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 眼枷仔
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 眼枷仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 目鏡
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 目鏡
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 目鏡
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 目鏡
Luchuan (Daqiao) 眼鏡
Sabah (Longchuan) 眼鏡
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 目鏡
Singkawang 目鏡
Huizhou Jixi 眼鏡
Jin Taiyuan 眼鏡
Xinzhou 眼鏡, 二餅子 derogatory
Hohhot 眼鏡兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 眼鏡
Songxi 眼鏡
Jianyang 眼鏡
Eastern Min Fuzhou 眼鏡
Fuqing 眼鏡
Gutian 眼鏡
Ningde 眼鏡
Zhouning 眼鏡
Fuding 眼鏡
Matsu 眼鏡
Southern Min Xiamen 目鏡
Quanzhou 目鏡
Jinjiang 目鏡
Zhangzhou 目鏡
Kaohsiung 目鏡
Yilan 目鏡
Changhua (Lukang) 目鏡
Taichung 目鏡
Taichung (Wuqi) 目鏡
Tainan 目鏡
Taitung 目鏡
Hsinchu 目鏡
Penghu (Magong) 目鏡
Penang (Hokkien) 目鏡
Singapore (Hokkien) 目鏡
Manila (Hokkien) 目鏡
Pingnan (Shangdu) 眼鏡
Chaozhou 目鏡
Shantou 目鏡
Shantou (Chenghai) 目鏡
Shantou (Chaoyang) 目鏡
Jieyang 目鏡
Haifeng 目鏡
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 目鏡
Singapore (Teochew) 目鏡
Leizhou 目鏡
Wenchang 目鏡
Haikou 目鏡
Puxian Min Putian 目鏡
Putian (Donghai) 目鏡
Putian (Jiangkou) 目鏡
Putian (Nanri) 目鏡
Xianyou 目鏡
Xianyou (Fengting) 目鏡
Xianyou (Youyang) 目鏡
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 眼鏡
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 眼鏡, 眼枷
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 眼鏡子
Wu Shanghai 眼鏡, 托力克
Shanghai (Chongming) 眼鏡
Suzhou 眼鏡
Danyang 眼鏡子
Hangzhou 眼鏡兒
Ningbo 蔡眼
Wenzhou 眼鏡, 眼視鏡
Jinhua 眼鏡
Xiang Changsha 眼鏡
Loudi 眼鏡
Quanzhou 眼鏡

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (玻璃):
  • → Japanese: 玻璃(はり) (hari)
  • → Korean: 파리(玻璃) (pari)

Others:

References
  • Duffus, William (1883) “glass”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 123

Japanese
Kanji in this term
玻 璃
は
Hyōgaiji		 り
Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

    Noun

    玻(は)璃(り) • (hari) 

    1. glass, crystal

    Synonyms

    Derived terms

    References
    1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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