사과

Sino-Korean word from 沙果. Cognate to Korean 사과 (sagwa).

• (Morphophonemic) IPA^(key): ⫽sakwa⫽
• (Jeju City) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠ɡwa]
• Phonetic hangul: [사과]

사과 (sagwa)

1. apple

First attested in the Eonhae duchang jibyo (諺解痘瘡集要 / 언해두창집요), 1608, as Early Modern Korean ᄉᆞ과. Also attested as Sino-Korean phonetic representations 沙果 (“sand-fruit”) in Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, and 楂果 (“stump-fruit”) in Sallim Gyeongje (山林經濟 / 산림경제), 18th century.

1608, 《언해두창집요》

ᄉᆞ과ᄅᆞᆯ 겁질 ᄡᅵ 조ᄎᆞᆫ 재 검게 ᄉᆞ라 ᄀᆞᄅᆞ ᄆᆡᇰᄀᆞ라 사당믈예 플어 머기라

sokwalol kepcil psi cwochon cay kemkey sola kolo moyngkola satangmulyey phule mekila

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠ɡwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사과]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 사과의 / 사과에 / 사과까지

Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch only on the second syllable, except before consonant-initial multisyllabic suffixes, when it takes full low pitch.

사과 • (sagwa) (hanja 沙果, 砂果)

1. apple

• 사과색 (sagwasaek)
• 사과나무 (sagwanamu, “apple tree”)
• 소돔사과 (sodomsagwa, “apple of Sodom”)

Sino-Korean word from 謝過, from 謝 (“apologize”) + 過 (“mistake”)

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰa̠(ː)ɡwa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)과]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

사과 • (sagwa) (hanja 謝過)

1. apology