-а

See also: а, а-, -a, and Appendix:Variations of "a"

Belarusian

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьje. Variant used after non-palatalizable consonants.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. Alternative form of -е (-je); used after ш, ч, ж formed as a result of the Slavic first palatalization, as well as sometimes after р.
    ‎па- (pa-, “across, along”) + ‎грані́ца (hraníca, “border”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎паграні́чча (pahraníčča, “region along the border”)
    ‎за- (za-) + ‎ці́хі (cíxi, “quiet, still”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎заці́шша (zacíšša, “lull, calm”)
    ‎без- (bjez-, “without”) + ‎даро́га (daróha, “path”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎бездаро́жжа (bjezdaróžža, “impassibility”)
    ‎па- (pa-) + ‎ве́цер (vjécjer, “wind”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎паве́тра (pavjétra, “air”)
Usage notes
  • Syllable stress is usually drawn onto the syllable before the suffix.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-a, from Proto-Indo-European *-ōd, the thematic ablative ending.

Alternative forms

  • -я (-ja) — used for nouns ending in -ь

Pronunciation

  • -а: IPA(key): [a]
  • -а́: IPA(key): [ˈa]

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. Forms the genitive singular of most masculine and neuter nouns.
    ‎дом (dom, “building”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎до́ма (dóma, “of a/the building, a/the building's”)
    ‎крыло́ (kryló, “wing”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎крыла́ (krylá, “of a/the wing, a/the wing's”)
  2. Forms the count form of some nouns.

Derived terms

Belarusian terms suffixed with -а

Chuvash

Suffix

-а • (-a) (front vowel variant -е)

  1. Forms agent nouns: -er, -or
    ‎пӑх (păh, “to look”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎пӑха (păh̬a, “supervisor”)
  2. Forms instrument nouns by means of which the action is performed
    ‎пӑр (păr, “to turn”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎пӑра (păra, “drill”)
  3. Forms resultative nouns
    ‎вит (vit, “to cover”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎вите (vit̬e, “stable”)
  4. Forms nouns of location
    ‎ҫарат (śarat, “to clear”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎ҫарата (śarat̬a, “meadow”)

Suffix

-а • (-a) (front vowel variant -е)

  1. (non-productive) Forms diminutives
    ‎ҫӳҫ (śüś, “hair”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎ҫӳҫе (śüś̬e, “fringe”)
    ‎мӑй (măj, “neck”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎мӑя (măja, “necklace”)

Komi-Zyrian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /-a/, [-ä]

Suffix

-а • (-a) (soft stem variant -я)

  1. Used to form nouns describing the quality of an adjective; -ness
  2. Used to form adjectives having a characteristic of a noun; -like, -ly
  3. Used to form postpositions measuring the preceding noun in the quality of an adjective; as ... as

Derived terms

Komi-Zyrian terms suffixed with -а

References

  • Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 61

Russian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ə]

Alternative forms

  • -я (-ja) — used after a soft consonant

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. Noun-forming suffix used to form diminutives of proper names; used after a hard (unpalatalized) consonant.

Etymology 2

From early Proto-Slavic *-ja.

Alternative forms

  • -а (-a) — non-iotating

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. Noun-forming suffix used to form abstract nouns and agent nouns from prefixed stems ending in a consonant that becomes a hushing consonant (ш ж ч щ) when iotated. The final consonant of the stem is iotated before this suffix.
    ‎по- (po-) + ‎клад- (klad-, “to lay, to put”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎покла́жа (pokláža, “load”)
    ‎пропа́д- (propád-, “to disappear”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎пропа́жа (propáža, “disappearance, loss”)
    ‎пред- (pred-, “before”) + ‎тек- (tek-, “to flow”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎предте́ча (predtéča, “forerunner, precursor”)
    ‎переда́т- (peredát-, “to broadcast”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎переда́ча (peredáča, “broadcast”)
Declension

Etymology 3

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-a.

Alternative forms

  • -а (-a) — iotating

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. Noun-forming suffix used to form abstract nouns and agent nouns from prefixed stems. The final consonant of the stem is not iotated before this suffix.
    ‎про- (pro-) + ‎сек- (sek-, “to cut”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎про́сека (próseka, “path cleared in a forest”)
    ‎от- (ot-) + ‎рад (rad, “glad”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎отра́да (otráda, “joy”)
Declension

Derived terms

Russian terms suffixed with -а

Serbo-Croatian

Suffix

-а (Latin spelling -a)

  1. Suffix appended to words (usually verbal stems) to create a feminine noun, usually denoting a relation or to form a proper noun.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-a, from Proto-Indo-European *-ōd, the thematic ablative ending.

Suffix

-а (Latin spelling -a)

  1. Forms the genitive singular of masculine and neuter nouns and indefinite adjectives.

Ukrainian

Pronunciation

  • а: IPA(key): [a]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Ruthenian -а (-a), from Old East Slavic -а (-a), from Proto-Slavic *-a.

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. used to form feminine deverbal nouns denoting a result, process or an abstract concept
    ‎загати́ти pf (zahatýty, “to dam up”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎зага́та f (zaháta, “dam”)
    ‎змогти́ pf (zmohtý, “to be able to, to manage to”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎змо́га f (zmóha, “ability, possibility, opportunity”)
    ‎сплати́ти pf (splatýty, “to pay”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎спла́та f (spláta, “pay, payment”)
    ‎послужи́ти pf (poslužýty, “to serve”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎по́слуга f (pósluha, “service”)
    ‎позичи́ти pf (pozyčýty, “to borrow, to lend”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎по́зика f (pózyka, “loan”)
  2. used to form gender neutral nouns denoting a person characterized by the root word
    ‎не- (ne-, “not”) + ‎чепури́тися impf (čepurýtysja, “to smarten oneself up, to preen”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎нечепу́ра gender-neutral (nečepúra, “a slovenly/unkempt person”)
    ‎при- (pry-) + ‎ве́ред m (véred, “whim, caprice”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎привере́да gender-neutral (pryveréda, “a picky/capricious person”)
    ‎нікче́м(ний) (nikčém(nyj), “good-for-nothing, worthless, insignificant”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎нікче́ма gender-neutral (nikčéma, “good-for-nothing, looser, zero, nonentity, crumb”)
  3. used to form feminine counterparts of masculine nouns
    ‎ону́к, вну́к m (onúk, vnúk, “grandson”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎ону́ка, вну́ка f (onúka, vnúka, “granddaughter”)
    ‎по- (po-) + ‎друг m (druh, “male friend”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎по́друга f (pódruha, “female friend”)
    ‎раб m (rab, “male slave”) + ‎-а (-a) → ‎раба́ f (rabá, “female slave”)
Usage notes

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Ruthenian -а (-a), from Old East Slavic -а (-a), from Proto-Slavic *-ja.

Alternative forms

  • -я (-ja) — after consonants other than ч ж ш щ

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. Alternative form of -я (-ja) used after ч ж ш щ
    ‎зада́ти pf (zadáty, “to assign, to raise (question)”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎зада́ча f (zadáča, “task, problem”)
    ‎огороди́ти pf (ohorodýty, “to fence in, to enclose”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎огоро́жа f (ohoróža, “fence”)
    ‎пло́ский (plóskyj, “flat”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎пло́ща f (plóšča, “square”)
    ‎ти́хий (týxyj, “quiet, silent”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎ти́ша f (týša, “silence, quietness”)
    ‎утекти́ pf (utektý, “to flee, to escape”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎уте́ча f (utéča, “flight, run”)

Etymology 3

Inherited from Old Ruthenian -а (-a), from Old East Slavic -а (-a), from Proto-Slavic *-ę.

Alternative forms

  • -я (-ja) — after consonants other than ч ж ш щ

Suffix

-а • (-a)

  1. Alternative form of -я (-ja) used after ч ж ш щ
    ‎ку́рка f (kúrka, “chicken”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎курча́ n (kurčá, “chick”)
    ‎верблю́д m (verbljúd, “camel”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎верблюжа́ n (verbljužá, “camel calf”)
    ‎ведмі́дь m (vedmídʹ, “bear”) + ‎-я (-ja) → ‎ведмежа́ n (vedmežá, “bear cub”)
Derived terms
Ukrainian terms suffixed with -а
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