-d

See also: Appendix:Variations of "d"

English

Suffix

-d

  1. Alternative form of -ed now only standard with words which end in -e, but historically permissable in all the same places as -ed.
    bone → boned, learn → learnd
  2. An empty suffix, perhaps derived from the past-tense suffix above, added in some dialects to the present tense forms of some words which then add an additional -ed in the past tense.
    damn → damnd (→ damnded), drown → drownd (→ drownded)
  3. Marks ordinals written in digits when the final term of the spelled number is "second" or "third"
    2d grade; 23d century

Synonyms

  • (marking ordinals ending with "second"): -nd
  • (marking ordinals ending with "third"): -rd

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse -d, -ð, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō.

Suffix

-d f (genitive -dar, plural -dir)

  1. -th, -ness

Declension

Declension of -d
f2 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative -d -din -dir -dirnar
accusative -d -dina -dir -dirnar
dative -d -dini -dum -dunum
genitive -dar -darinnar -da -danna

Derived terms

Faroese terms suffixed with -d

Fula

Affix

-d

  1. (Pulaar) indicates that the action is performed with someone or something
    ‎haalde (“to say, speak”) + ‎-d → ‎haaldude (“to talk to each other, negotiate, transact”)

Usage notes

  • placed between the verb stem and the ending

References

  • M. Niang, Pulaar-English English-Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books, 1997.

Hungarian

Etymology 1

From the *tᴕ̈ second-person personal pronoun of the ancestor language after it was appended to the base word.

Suffix

-d

  1. (possessive suffix) your (second-person singular informal, single possession)
    hajó (“boat”) → a hajód (“your boat”)
    kocsi (“car”) → a kocsid (“your car”)
    palota (“palace”) → a palotád (“your palace”)
    érme (“coin”) → az érméd (“your coin”)
  2. (personal suffix) Second-person singular personal suffix:
    1. Definite forms of transitive verbs (followed by a linking vowel in indicative present/past and subjunctive moods; with no linking vowel in conditional mood).
      ‎tud (“to know”) → ‎tudod, tudtad, tudjad, tudnád (“you know / knew / should know / would know it”)
      ‎kér (“to ask [for sth]”) → ‎kéred, kérted, kérjed, kérnéd (“you ask / asked / should ask / would ask for it”)
    2. Combined form of a covert (∅) allophone of -j (subjunctive suffix) and the regular suffix -(a/e)d (above), marking the short form of the above person of the definite subjunctive (attached directly to a verb stem).
      ‎tud + ‎-d → ‎tudd (= tudjad (“you should know it”)
      ‎kér + ‎-d → ‎kérd (= kérjed) (“you should ask for it”)
    3. Forming conjugated infinitives (here: “for you to do sth”).
      ‎tanulni (“to study”) + ‎-d → ‎tanulnod kell (“you need to study”, literally “for_you_to_study is_necessary”)
      Csak kérned kell. ― All you have to do is ask [for it]. (literally, “only for_you_to_ask is_necessary”)
    4. Declined and postpositional forms of the second-person personal pronoun te (“you”).
      ‎-ban/-ben (“in”) + ‎-d → ‎benned (“in you”)
      ‎elé (“in front of”) + ‎-d → ‎eléd (“in front of you”)
Usage notes
  • (possessive suffix) Variants:
    -d is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -ad is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -od is added to the other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -ed is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -öd is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
  • (personal suffix) See variants in the table below.

Etymology 2

It can be traced back to Proto-Finno-Ugric *-nt.[1]

Suffix

-d

  1. (noun-forming suffix) Originally, it was probably a diminutive suffix. In this sense, it is no longer productive. It can be found in place names, given names, and a few other words.
    apró (“tiny”) → apród (“page boy”)
    gyenge (“weak”) → gyengéd (“gentle”)
    Árpád (“a male given name”)
  2. (verb-forming suffix) A frequentative suffix or denoting the beginning of a process.
    -dék
    imád
    szenved
  3. (fraction-forming suffix) Added to a cardinal number to form a fraction. It is used with a linking vowel, see -ad, -od, -ed, -öd.
    száz (“hundred”) → század (“hundredth”)
Derived terms
Hungarian nouns suffixed with -d
Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -d
Hungarian verbs suffixed with -d

See also

  • Category:Hungarian noun forms
  • Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes

References

  1. -d in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Lushootseed

Suffix

-d

  1. denotes an action performed on someone or something else (transitive suffix; allows for a direct complement patient, creating a patient-oriented verb)

Middle English

Suffix

-d

  1. Alternative form of -th

Suffix

-d

  1. Alternative form of -the (ordinal suffix)

Ojibwe

Final

-d

  1. act on

Derived terms

See also

References

Suffix

-d

  1. A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of an animate intransitive verb (vai)
  2. A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of an animate intransitive verb with an object (vai+o)
  3. A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of a Type 3 inanimate transitive verb (vti3)
  4. A suffix denoting the third-person singular to first-person singular conjunct form of a transitive animate verb (vta) with Cw ending

See also

Swedish

Suffix

-d

  1. Suffix to form the past participle of weakly inflected verbs, to be used when the corresponding participle belongs with a common noun in indefinite singular form.

See also

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.