上げる

Japanese

Etymology
Kanji in this term
上
あ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Cognate with 揚(あ)げる (ageru), 挙(あ)げる (ageru).

Pronunciation
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "上げる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 上げる あげる [àgérú]
Imperative (命令形) 上げろ あげろ [àgéró]
Key constructions
Passive 上げられる あげられる [àgérárérú]
Causative 上げさせる あげさせる [àgésásérú]
Potential 上げられる あげられる [àgérárérú]
Volitional 上げよう あげよ​ー [àgéyóꜜò]
Negative 上げない あげない [àgénáí]
Negative perfective 上げなかった あげな​かった [àgénáꜜkàttà]
Formal 上げます あげま​す [àgémáꜜsù]
Perfective 上げた あげた [àgétá]
Conjunctive 上げて あげて [àgété]
Hypothetical conditional 上げれば あげれ​ば [àgéréꜜbà]

Verb

上(あ)げる • (ageru) transitive ichidan (stem 上(あ)げ (age), past 上(あ)げた (ageta))

Japanese verb pair
active 上げる
mediopassive 上がる
  1. to raise, to lift
    Antonym: 下げる (sageru)
    音量(おんりょう)を上(あ)げる
    onryō o ageru
    to raise the volume
  2. to give (usually not written with kanji)
    犬(いぬ)に毎日(まいにち)えさをあげてください。
    Inu ni mainichi esa o agete kudasai.
    Please give the dog food every day.
  3. to utter; to cry; to produce; to raise (a voice)
    悲鳴(ひめい)を上(あ)げる
    himei o ageru
    to shriek; to let out a scream
    奇声(きせい)を上(あ)げる
    kisei o ageru
    to raise a strange cry
    声(こえ)を上(あ)げて泣(な)く
    koe o agete naku
    to sob

Usage notes

Wikibooks

Japanese has an extensive vocabulary for giving and receiving. While 上げる is used for giving something to someone of equal or lower social standing, 差(さ)し上(あ)げる (sashiageru) is used for giving to someone of higher rank and やる (yaru) for giving to a non-human or to someone of low rank. It is fairly common to use 上げる for giving something to a pet, especially in casual speech, but some speakers consider this usage nonstandard or incorrect.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "上げる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 上げ あげ age
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 上げ あげ age
Shūshikei ("terminal") 上げる あげる ageru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 上げる あげる ageru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 上げれ あげれ agere
Meireikei ("imperative") 上げよ¹
上げろ²		 あげよ¹
あげろ²		 ageyo¹
agero²
Key constructions
Passive 上げられる あげられる agerareru
Causative 上げさせる
上げさす		 あげさせる
あげさす		 agesaseru
agesasu
Potential 上げられる
上げれる³		 あげられる
あげれる³		 agerareru
agereru³
Volitional 上げよう あげよう ageyō
Negative 上げない
上げぬ
上げん		 あげない
あげぬ
あげん		 agenai
agenu
agen
Negative continuative 上げず あげず agezu
Formal 上げます あげます agemasu
Perfective 上げた あげた ageta
Conjunctive 上げて あげて agete
Hypothetical conditional 上げれば あげれば agereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

See also

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  4. Nakai, Yukihiko, editor (2002), 京阪系アクセント辞典 [A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.