差し上げる
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 差 | 上 |
| さ Grade: 4 |
あ Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi | |
Pronunciation
- (Tokyo) さしあげる [sàshíágérú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) さしあげる [sàshíágéꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [4])[1]
- IPA(key): [sa̠ɕia̠ɡe̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "差し上げる"
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
差し上げる | さしあげる | [sàshíágérú] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 差し上げろ | さしあげろ | [sàshíágéró] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 差し上げられる | さしあげられる | [sàshíágérárérú] |
| Causative | 差し上げさせる | さしあげさせる | [sàshíágésásérú] |
| Potential | 差し上げられる | さしあげられる | [sàshíágérárérú] |
| Volitional | 差し上げよう | さしあげよー | [sàshíágéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 差し上げない | さしあげない | [sàshíágénáí] |
| Negative perfective | 差し上げなかった | さしあげなかった | [sàshíágénáꜜkàttà] |
| Formal | 差し上げます | さしあげます | [sàshíágémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 差し上げた | さしあげた | [sàshíágétá] |
| Conjunctive | 差し上げて | さしあげて | [sàshíágété] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 差し上げれば | さしあげれば | [sàshíágéréꜜbà] |
Verb
差し上げる • (sashiageru) transitive ichidan (stem 差し上げ (sashiage), past 差し上げた (sashiageta))
Usage notes
The giver is always the speaker or someone close to the speaker such as a family member. The receiver is always someone of higher social status than the speaker.
Conjugation
Conjugation of "差し上げる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 差し上げ | さしあげ | sashiage | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 差し上げ | さしあげ | sashiage | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 差し上げる | さしあげる | sashiageru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 差し上げる | さしあげる | sashiageru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 差し上げれ | さしあげれ | sashiagere | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 差し上げよ¹ 差し上げろ² |
さしあげよ¹ さしあげろ² |
sashiageyo¹ sashiagero² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 差し上げられる | さしあげられる | sashiagerareru | |
| Causative | 差し上げさせる 差し上げさす |
さしあげさせる さしあげさす |
sashiagesaseru sashiagesasu | |
| Potential | 差し上げられる 差し上げれる³ |
さしあげられる さしあげれる³ |
sashiagerareru sashiagereru³ | |
| Volitional | 差し上げよう | さしあげよう | sashiageyō | |
| Negative | 差し上げない 差し上げぬ 差し上げん |
さしあげない さしあげぬ さしあげん |
sashiagenai sashiagenu sashiagen | |
| Negative continuative | 差し上げず | さしあげず | sashiagezu | |
| Formal | 差し上げます | さしあげます | sashiagemasu | |
| Perfective | 差し上げた | さしあげた | sashiageta | |
| Conjunctive | 差し上げて | さしあげて | sashiagete | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 差し上げれば | さしあげれば | sashiagereba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
References
- Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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