咳嗽

Chinese
cough; sound of sighing cough
simp. and trad.
(咳嗽)		 咳 嗽
alternative forms 加嗽 Hokkien
膠嗽／胶嗽 Teochew
咁嗽 Leizhou Min

Pronunciation

Verb

咳嗽

  1. (intransitive) to cough
    她咳嗽的聲音很大，嚇了我一跳。 [MSC, trad.]
    她咳嗽的声音很大，吓了我一跳。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā késòu de shēngyīn hěn dà, xià le wǒ yī tiào. [Pinyin]
    Her huge cough startled me.
  2. (Classical, figurative) to make a sound; to speak

Synonyms
  • (to cough):
Dialectal synonyms of 咳嗽 (“to cough”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 嗽, 欬
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 咳嗽
Mandarin Beijing 咳嗽
Taiwan 咳嗽
Ulanhot 咳嗽
Tongliao 咳嗽
Chifeng 咳嗽
Bayanhot 咳嗽
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 咳嗽
Harbin 咳嗽
Shenyang 咳嗽
Yantai (Muping) 咳嗽
Jinan 咳嗽
Luoyang 咳嗽
Wanrong 咳嗽
Zhengzhou 咳嗽
Xi'an 咳嗽
Yinchuan 咳嗽
Lanzhou 咳嗽, 咳
Xining 咳嗽
Ürümqi 咳嗽
Wuhan 咳, 咯
Huanggang 咳
Chengdu 咳嗽
Guiyang 咳嗽
Kunming 咳嗽
Liuzhou 咳嗽
Xuzhou 咳嗽
Yangzhou 咳, 咳嗽
Nanjing 咳嗽
Hefei 咳嗽
Singapore 咳嗽
Cantonese Guangzhou 咳
Hong Kong 咳
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 咳嗽
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 咳嗽
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 咳
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 咳
Macau 咳
Guangzhou (Panyu) 咳
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 瘕
Guangzhou (Conghua) 咳
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 咳
Foshan 咳
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 咳
Foshan (Shunde) 咳
Foshan (Sanshui) 咳
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 咳
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 咳
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 咳
Zhuhai (Doumen) 咳
Jiangmen (Baisha) 咳
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 咳
Taishan 嗽
Kaiping (Chikan) 嗽
Enping (Niujiang) 咳, 嗽
Heshan (Yayao) 咳
Dongguan 咳
Shaoguan 咳, 咳嗽
Yunfu 咳瘕
Yangjiang 嗽, 咳嗽
Xinyi 咳
Lianjiang 咳
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 咳
Singapore (Guangfu) 咳嗽
Gan Nanchang 咳, 咳嗽
Hakka Meixian 咳嗽
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 咳嗽
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 咳
Yudu 咳
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 嗽, 咳嗽
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 嗽, 咳嗽
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 嗽, 咳嗽
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 嗽, 咳嗽
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 咳, 咳嗽
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 嗽, 咳嗽
Hong Kong 咳
Senai (Huiyang) 咳
Huizhou Jixi 咳嗽, 咳, 嗽
Jin Taiyuan 咳嗽
Xinzhou 咳嗽
Taibus (Baochang) 咳嗽
Linhe 咳嗽
Jining 咳嗽
Hohhot 咳嗽
Baotou 咳嗽
Dongsheng 咳嗽
Haibowan 咳嗽
Northern Min Jian'ou 咳嗽
Eastern Min Fuzhou 嗽, 空嗽
Changle 空嗽
Fuqing 嗽
Yongtai 空嗽
Gutian 嗽
Fu'an 嗽
Ningde 嗽
Shouning 嗽
Zhouning 嗽
Fuding 嗽
Southern Min Xiamen 咁嗽, 咳嗽, 嗽
Quanzhou 咁嗽
Zhangzhou 咁嗽, 咳嗽
Yilan 嗽, 咳嗽
Penang (Hokkien) 嗽, 咳嗽, 峇啅
Singapore (Hokkien) 咳嗽, 嗽
Manila (Hokkien) 嗽
Chaozhou 咳嗽
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 咳嗽
Singapore (Teochew) 咳嗽
Leizhou 咳嗽
Haikou 咳嗽
Singapore (Hainanese) 咳嗽
Puxian Min Putian 瘕咆
Xianyou 瘕咆
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 咳
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 咳
Wu Shanghai 咳嗽
Shanghai (Chongming) 咳嗽
Suzhou 咳嗽, 咳
Wuxi 咳嗽
Danyang 咳嗽
Hangzhou 嗆, 咳嗽
Hangzhou (Yuhang) 嗆, 咳嗽
Ningbo 嗆, 嗽, 咳嗽
Wenzhou 嗽, 咳嗽
Jinhua 咳嗽, 咳
Jinhua (Tangxi) 嗽
Xiang Changsha 咳嗽, 咳
Loudi 𠻞
Shuangfeng 𠻞

Japanese
Kanji in this term
咳 嗽
がい
Hyōgaiji		 そう
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) がいそー [gàísóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɡa̠iso̞ː]

Noun

咳(がい)嗽(そう) • (gaisō) ←がいそう (gaisou)?

  1. (medicine, formal) cough; coughing
    Synonym: せき (seki)

Verb

咳(がい)嗽(そう)する • (gaisō suru) ←がいそう (gaisou)?suru (stem 咳(がい)嗽(そう)し (gaisō shi), past 咳(がい)嗽(そう)した (gaisō shita))

  1. (medicine, formal) to cough

Conjugation
Conjugation of "咳嗽する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 咳嗽し がいそうし gaisō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 咳嗽し がいそうし gaisō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 咳嗽する がいそうする gaisō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 咳嗽する がいそうする gaisō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 咳嗽すれ がいそうすれ gaisō sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 咳嗽せよ¹
咳嗽しろ²		 がいそうせよ¹
がいそうしろ²		 gaisō seyo¹
gaisō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 咳嗽される がいそうされる gaisō sareru
Causative 咳嗽させる
咳嗽さす		 がいそうさせる
がいそうさす		 gaisō saseru
gaisō sasu
Potential 咳嗽できる がいそうできる gaisō dekiru
Volitional 咳嗽しよう がいそうしよう gaisō shiyō
Negative 咳嗽しない がいそうしない gaisō shinai
Negative continuative 咳嗽せず がいそうせず gaisō sezu
Formal 咳嗽します がいそうします gaisō shimasu
Perfective 咳嗽した がいそうした gaisō shita
Conjunctive 咳嗽して がいそうして gaisō shite
Hypothetical conditional 咳嗽すれば がいそうすれば gaisō sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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