宏

宏 U+5B8F, 宏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B8F
← 宎
[U+5B8E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宐 →
[U+5B90]

Translingual

Han character

宏 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 十大戈 (JKI), four-corner 30432, composition ⿱宀厷)

Derived characters

Further reading
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 282, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7086
  • Dae Jaweon: page 556, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 916, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5B8F

Chinese

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 宏
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (厷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
肱 *kʷɯːŋ
宏 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
閎 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
吰 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
竑 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
谹 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
翃 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
紘 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
鈜 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
浤 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
耾 *ɡʷrɯːŋ
雄 *ɡʷɯŋ

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 宏
alternative forms 宖 ancient
厷

Pronunciation

Note:
  • hong5 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping;
  • kuêng5 - Jieyang, Chaoyang, Pontianak.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 6ghon
        • MiniDict: ghon去
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3hhon
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦoŋ²³/
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: hong2
        • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /xʊŋ¹³/
        • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /xən¹³/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 宏
Mandarin Beijing /xuŋ³⁵/
Harbin /xuŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /xuŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /xuŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /xəŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /xuŋ²⁴/
Xining /xuə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /xuŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /xũn⁵³/
Ürümqi /xuŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /xoŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /xoŋ³¹/
Guiyang /xoŋ²¹/
Kunming /xoŋ³¹/
Nanjing /xoŋ²⁴/
Hefei /xəŋ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /xuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /xũŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦoŋ²³/
Suzhou /ɦoŋ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦoŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦoŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /xuʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /xan⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /xoŋ¹³/
Xiangtan /ɦən¹²/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /fen¹¹/
Taoyuan /fen¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐŋ²¹/
Nanning /huŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /wɐŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hɔŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ɔŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /hoŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hɔŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 宏
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 耕 (118)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 戸萌切
Baxter hweang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠwɛŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚæŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuɐŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwəɨjŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuɛŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ɣwæŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣwæŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 wang4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 宏
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hóng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwɛng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ʷˁ<r>əŋ/
English resounding; great

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 宏
Reading # 1/1
No. 4130
Phonetic
component		 厷
Rime
group		 蒸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 宏
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡʷrɯːŋ/

Definitions

宏

  1. (originally referring to houses) wide; spacious; great; vast
    See also: 弘
  2. extensive
  3. loud and clear; resounding
  4. (alt. form 弘) to enlarge; to expand
  5. (computing) macro (comparatively human-friendly abbreviation of complex input to a computer program)
  6. a surname

Compounds

Etymology 2
simp. and trad.
 宏
alternative forms 吰
wang nonstandard
wung nonstandard

Compare Mandarin 嗡 (wēng).

Pronunciation

Definitions

宏 (Cantonese, onomatopoeia)

  1. buzzing sound
  2. buzzing; humming; making a humming sound

Derived terms
  • we we宏宏 (Cantonese)

References

Japanese

Kanji
宏

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Proper noun

宏(ひろし) • (Hiroshi) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

宏 (eumhun 클 굉 (keul goeng))

  1. large; great

Compounds
Compounds
  • 굉곽 (宏廓, goenggwak)
  • 굉구 (宏構, goenggu)
  • 굉규 (宏規, goenggyu)
  • 굉기 (宏器, goenggi)
  • 굉달 (宏達, goengdal)
  • 굉대 (宏大, goengdae)
  • 굉도 (宏圖, goengdo)
  • 굉렬 (宏烈, goengnyeol)
  • 굉모 (宏謀, goengmo)
  • 굉박 (宏博, goengbak)
  • 굉변 (宏辯, goengbyeon)
  • 굉부 (宏富, goengbu)
  • 굉사 (宏肆, goengsa)
  • 굉업 (宏業, goeng'eop)
  • 굉원 (宏遠, goeng'won)
  • 굉유 (宏猷, goeng'yu)
  • 굉유 (宏儒, goeng'yu)
  • 굉음 (宏飮, goeng'eum)
  • 굉장 (宏壯, goengjang)
  • 굉장 (宏莊, goengjang)
  • 굉재 (宏材, goengjae)
  • 굉재 (宏才, goengjae)
  • 굉재탁식 (宏才卓識, goengjaetaksik)
  • 굉창 (宏敞, goengchang)
  • 굉홍 (宏弘, goenghong)
  • 굉활 (宏闊, goenghwal)
  • 굉후 (宏厚, goenghu)
  • 굉휴 (宏休, goenghyu)
  • 연굉 (淵宏, yeon'goeng)
  • 웅굉 (雄宏, unggoeng)
  • 회굉 (恢宏, hoegoeng)

Vietnamese

Han character

宏: Hán Nôm readings: hoãng, hoành, giang

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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