幸せ

Japanese

Kanji in this term
幸
しあわ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
幸
仕合せ
仕合わせ
倖せ

Etymology

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 為合わす, 仕合わす (shiawasu, “to put together well; to work together well”, lower bigrade, with continuative form ending in -e), itself a compound of Old Japanese verbs 為 (su, “to do, to make something be a certain way”) + 合わす (awasu, “to join together, to fit together”).[1][2]

Often spelled 幸せ with the final せ to indicate the reading.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) しあわせ [shìáwásé] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [ɕia̠ɰᵝa̠se̞]

Adjective

幸(しあわ)せ • (shiawase) ←しあはせ (siafase)?-na (adnominal 幸(しあわ)せな (shiawase na), adverbial 幸(しあわ)せに (shiawase ni))

  1. happy
    • 2003 April 22, Kenshi Hirokane, “STEP2 さよならはダンスの後に [Step 2: Only Say Goodbye after the Dance]”, in ヤング島耕作 [Young Shima Kōsaku], volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Kōdansha, →ISBN, page 49:
      中(なか)井(い)先(せん)輩(ぱい)
      何(なに)?
      幸(しあわ)せになって下(くだ)さい
      Nakai-senpai
      Nani?
      Shiawase ni natte kudasai
      Nakai Senpai
      Yeah?
      I wish you happiness
  2. fortunate, lucky

Inflection

See also

Noun

幸(しあわ)せ • (shiawase) ←しあはせ (siafase)?

  1. a moment when circumstances come together: fate, opportunity (used to indicate both good and bad instances)
    Synonyms: 運命 (unmei, “fate”), 機会 (kikai, “opportunity”)
  2. happiness
    Synonym: 幸福 (kōfuku)
  3. good fortune, good luck
    Synonyms: 幸い (saiwai), 幸運 (kōun)
  4. circumstances, the flow of events
    Synonym: 経緯 (ikisatsu)

References

  1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
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