愿

See also: 願

愿	U+613F, 愿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-613F

← 愾
[U+613E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

慀 →
[U+6140]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

愿 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一火心 (MFP), four-corner 7133₉, composition ⿸原心(G) or ⿱原心(HTJKV))

Derived characters

𨆸, 𩕮

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 397, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11030
Dae Jaweon: page 736, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2333, character 10
Unihan data for U+613F

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 愿
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (原) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
羱	ŋʷaːn, ŋʷan
豲	*ɦŋʷaːn
謜	sŋ̊ʰʷan, ŋʷan
縓	sŋ̊ʰʷan, sŋ̊ʰʷans
原	*ŋʷan
源	*ŋʷan
厵	*ŋʷan
嫄	*ŋʷan
騵	*ŋʷan
榞	*ŋʷan
獂	*ŋʷan
蒝	*ŋʷan
願	*ŋʷans
傆	*ŋʷans
愿	*ŋʷans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋʷans) : phonetic 原 (OC *ŋʷan) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 愿 – see 願 (“to desire; to want: to wish; desire; wish; ambition; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 願).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		愿
simp. ^#		愿
alternative forms		𠪰

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yuàn (yuan⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁶
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶gnioe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yuàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yuàn
  - Wade–Giles: yüan⁴
  - Yale: ywàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuann
  - Palladius: юань (juanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɥɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyun⁶
  - Yale: yuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yun⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²²/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gnioe
  - MiniDict: nyoe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyyoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲyø²³/

Middle Chinese: ngjwonH

Rime
Character	愿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚怨切
Baxter	ngjwonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʉɐn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷiɐn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiuɐn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuan^H/
Li Rong	/ŋiuɐn^H/
Wang Li	/ŋĭwɐn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯wɐn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ŋʷans/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	愿
Reading #	1/1
No.	16198
Phonetic component	原
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	願
Old Chinese	/*ŋʷans/

Definitions

愿

(literary) honest and prudent

Compounds

鄉愿 (xiāngyuàn)

Japanese

Kanji

愿

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): げん (gen)

Kun: つつしむ (tsutsushimu)

Nanori: すなお (sunao); よし (yoshi)

Korean

Hanja

愿 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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