怨

怨 U+6028, 怨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6028
← 性
[U+6027]
CJK Unified Ideographs 怩 →
[U+6029]

Translingual

Han character

怨 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓山心 (NUP), four-corner 27331, composition ⿱夗心)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 382, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10479
  • Dae Jaweon: page 711, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2281, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6028

Chinese

trad. 怨
simp. # 怨

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qon, *qons) : phonetic 夗 (OC *qonʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Possibly related to 冤?”)

Pronunciation


Note:
  • uang3 - Shantou;
  • uêng3 - Chaozhou.

    Rime
    Character 怨 怨
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 影 (34) 影 (34)
    Final (韻) 元 (66) 元 (66)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed Closed
    Division (等) III III
    Fanqie 於袁切 於願切
    Baxter 'jwon 'jwonH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ʔʉɐn/ /ʔʉɐnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ʔʷiɐn/ /ʔʷiɐnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ʔiuɐn/ /ʔiuɐnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ʔuan/ /ʔuanH/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʔiuɐn/ /ʔiuɐnH/
    Wang
    Li
    /ĭwɐn/ /ĭwɐnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʔi̯wɐn/ /ʔi̯wɐnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    yuān yuàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jyun1 jyun3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 怨
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    yuàn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ʔjwonH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ʔ]o[r]-s/
    English resentment

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 怨 怨
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 16286 16305
    Phonetic
    component
    夗 夗
    Rime
    group
    元 元
    Rime
    subdivision
    3 3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    鴛 怨
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qon/ /*qons/

    Definitions

    怨

    1. to resent; to hate
    2. hatred; enmity; resentment
    3. to complain; to grumble; to moan
    4. complaint; grievance

    Compounds

    Japanese

    Kanji

    怨

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. grudge
    2. resentment
    3. jealous

    Readings

    Synonyms

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    怨
    えん
    Grade: S
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese 怨 (MC 'jwon|'jwonH).

    The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [ẽ̞ɴ]

    Affix

    怨(えん) • (en) ←ゑん (wen)?

    1. hate; resent
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    怨
    おん
    Grade: S
    goon

    From Middle Chinese 怨 (MC 'jwon|'jwonH).

    The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [õ̞ɴ]

    Affix

    怨(おん) • (on) ←をん (won)?

    1. hate; resent
    Derived terms

    Korean

    Hanja

    怨 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    怨: Hán Nôm readings: oán

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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