活活

Chinese

		to live; alive; living to live; alive; living; work; workmanship	to live; alive; living to live; alive; living; work; workmanship
simp. and trad. (活活)		活	活

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): huóhuó

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wut⁶ wut⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): oa̍h-oa̍h

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: huóhuó
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄨㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: huóhuó
  - Wade–Giles: huo²-huo²
  - Yale: hwó-hwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwohwo
  - Palladius: хохо (xoxo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ³⁵ xu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: wut⁶ wut⁶
  - Yale: wuht wuht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wut⁹ wut⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: wud⁶ wud⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːt̚² wuːt̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oa̍h-oa̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ua̍h-ua̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oaq'oah
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ua(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ uaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ua(ʔ)²⁴⁻² uaʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ua(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ uaʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ua(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ uaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ua(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ uaʔ⁴/

Adverb

活活

while still alive
活活餓死／活活饿死 ― huóhuó èsǐ ― to die of hunger
simply; totally

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guōguō, kuòkuò

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄛㄍㄨㄛ, ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄎㄨㄛˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guōguō
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛㄍㄨㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guoguo
  - Wade–Giles: kuo¹-kuo¹
  - Yale: gwō-gwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guoguo
  - Palladius: гого (gogo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ɔ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuòkuò
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄛˋ ㄎㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuòkuò
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuo⁴-kʻuo⁴
  - Yale: kwò-kwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuohkuoh
  - Palladius: коко (koko)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: kwat kwat

Rime
Character	活
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	桓 (64)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古活切
Baxter	kwat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwat̚/
Li Rong	/kuɑt̚/
Wang Li	/kuɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gut³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*koːd koːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	活
Reading #	1/2
No.	7568
Phonetic component	桰
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	括
Old Chinese	/*koːd/

Adjective

活活

(literary) The sound or appearance of running water.
- 河水洋洋、北流活活。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Hé shuǐ yángyáng, běi liú guōguō. [Pinyin]
  The waters of the He, wide and deep,
  Flow northwards in majestic course.
(literary) muddy; or the sound of walking in muddy water

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