聖賢

See also: 圣贤

Chinese

		holy; sacred; saint holy; sacred; saint; sage	worthy (person)
trad. (聖賢)		聖	賢
simp. (圣贤)		圣	贤

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shèngxián

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sing³ jin⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳn-hièn / sṳn-hiàn
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sèng-hiân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shèngxián
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄥˋ ㄒㄧㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shèngsián
  - Wade–Giles: shêng⁴-hsien²
  - Yale: shèng-syán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shenqshyan
  - Palladius: шэнсянь (šɛnsjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sing³ jin⁴
  - Yale: sing yìhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sing³ jin⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: xing³ yin⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ³³ jiːn²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳn-hièn
  - Hakka Romanization System: siin hienˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sin⁴ hian²
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨn⁵⁵ hi̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳn-hiàn
  - Hakka Romanization System: siin hianˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sin⁴ hian²
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨn⁵⁵ hi̯an¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sèng-hiân
  - Tâi-lô: sìng-hiân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seanghieen
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hiɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hiɛn²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hiɛn¹³/

Middle Chinese: syengH hen

Rime
Character	聖	賢
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	IV
Fanqie	式正切	胡田切
Baxter	syengH	hen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiᴇŋ^H/	/ɦen/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɛŋ^H/	/ɦen/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiæŋ^H/	/ɣɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕiajŋ^H/	/ɦɛn/
Li Rong	/ɕiɛŋ^H/	/ɣen/
Wang Li	/ɕĭɛŋ^H/	/ɣien/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯ɛŋ^H/	/ɣien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shèng	xián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing³	jin⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥eŋ-s [g]ˤi[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljeŋs ɡiːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	聖	賢
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shèng	xián
Middle Chinese	‹ syeng^H ›	‹ hen ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥eŋ-s/	/*[g]ˁi[n]/
English	sage (n.)	worthy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	聖	賢
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11391	1337
Phonetic component	聖	臣
Rime group	耕	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	聖	賢
Old Chinese	/*hljeŋs/	/*ɡiːn/
Notes	甲金文象人張耳對口會耳聰意，非呈聲

Noun

聖賢

(literary) sage; saint

Derived terms

人非聖賢，孰能無過／人非圣贤，孰能无过 (rén fēi shèngxián, shú néng wúguò)
人非聖賢，誰能無過／人非圣贤，谁能无过 (rén fēi shèngxián, shéi néng wúguò)
聖賢孔子鳥／圣贤孔子鸟 (shèngxián kǒngzǐniǎo)
聖賢爺／圣贤爷
酒喻聖賢／酒喻圣贤

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (聖賢):

→ Japanese: 聖賢(せいけん) (seiken)
→ Korean: 성현(聖賢) (seonghyeon)
→ Vietnamese: thánh hiền (聖賢)

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