賢

See also: 覧, 覽, 贤, 贒, and 䝨
賢 U+8CE2, 賢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CE2
← 賡
[U+8CE1]
CJK Unified Ideographs 賣 →
[U+8CE3]

Translingual

Japanese 賢
Simplified 贤
Traditional 賢

Han character

賢 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+8 in Chinese, 貝+9 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 16 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 尸水月山金 (SEBUC), four-corner 77806, composition ⿱臤貝 or ⿱䁂八)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1209, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36822
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1674, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3646, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8CE2

Chinese

trad. 賢
simp. 贤
alternative forms 𬥎
贒
臤
䝨
𠤕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 賢
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡiːn) : phonetic 臤 (OC *kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins) + semantic 貝 (“money”) – worthy, valuable (like money)

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hiang5 - Shantou;
  • hiêng5 - Chaozhou.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 6yi
        • MiniDict: yi去
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3hhi
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦi²³/
    • Xiang
      • (Changsha)
        • Wiktionary: xienn2
        • Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ẽ¹³/

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 賢
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian³⁵/
Harbin /ɕian²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiã⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕian⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiã²⁴/
Xining /ɕiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕian³¹/
Guiyang /ɕian²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /ɕien²⁴/
Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦi²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ji³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ɕiẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /ɕiẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /hian¹¹/
Taoyuan /hien¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jin²¹/
Nanning /jin²¹/
Hong Kong /jin²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hian³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hieŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /hiaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hin³¹/

Rime
Character 賢
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡田切
Baxter hen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦen/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦen/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦɛn/
Li
Rong
/ɣen/
Wang
Li
/ɣien/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣien/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xián
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jin4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 賢
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xián
Middle
Chinese
‹ hen ›
Old
Chinese
/*[g]ˁi[n]/
English worthy

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 賢
Reading # 1/1
No. 1337
Phonetic
component
臣
Rime
group
眞
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
賢
Old
Chinese
/*ɡiːn/

Definitions

賢

  1. virtuous; good; clever; wise; worthy
  2. able; capable

Compounds

  • 不賢都頭/不贤都头
  • 任人唯賢/任人唯贤 (rènrénwéixián)
  • 任賢仗能/任贤仗能
  • 任賢使能/任贤使能
  • 任賢用能/任贤用能
  • 傳賢/传贤
  • 傲賢慢士/傲贤慢士
  • 先賢/先贤 (xiānxián)
  • 八賢/八贤 (Bāxián)
  • 前賢/前贤 (qiánxián)
  • 古聖先賢/古圣先贤
  • 古賢/古贤 (gǔxián)
  • 吐哺待賢/吐哺待贤
  • 名賢/名贤
  • 大賢/大贤 (dàxián)
  • 大賢大德/大贤大德
  • 大賢虎變/大贤虎变
  • 好賢禮士/好贤礼士 (hàoxiánlǐshì)
  • 妒能害賢/妒能害贤
  • 妒賢嫉能/妒贤嫉能
  • 妒賢疾能/妒贤疾能
  • 嫉賢/嫉贤 (jíxián)
  • 嫉賢妒能/嫉贤妒能
  • 子孝孫賢/子孝孙贤
  • 孝子賢孫/孝子贤孙 (xiàozǐxiánsūn)
  • 尊賢使能/尊贤使能
  • 尊賢愛物/尊贤爱物
  • 屈尊敬賢/屈尊敬贤
  • 左賢王/左贤王
  • 廢賢失政/废贤失政
  • 忠孝賢良/忠孝贤良
  • 忠賢/忠贤
  • 思賢如渴/思贤如渴
  • 招賢/招贤 (zhāoxián)
  • 招賢下士/招贤下士
  • 招賢納士/招贤纳士 (zhāoxiánnàshì)
  • 授職惟賢/授职惟贤
  • 推賢下士/推贤下士
  • 推賢任人/推贤任人
  • 掩賢妒善/掩贤妒善
  • 推賢樂善/推贤乐善
  • 推賢舉善/推贤举善
  • 推賢讓能/推贤让能
  • 推賢進善/推贤进善
  • 推賢進士/推贤进士
  • 推賢遜能/推贤逊能
  • 敬老尊賢/敬老尊贤
  • 敬賢/敬贤 (jìngxián)
  • 敬賢禮士/敬贤礼士 (jìngxiánlǐshì)
  • 明賢/明贤
  • 時賢/时贤
  • 普賢/普贤 (Pǔxián)
  • 欽賢好士/钦贤好士
  • 殘賢害善/残贤害善
  • 求賢/求贤
  • 求賢下士/求贤下士
  • 求賢如渴/求贤如渴
  • 求賢用士/求贤用士
  • 求賢若渴/求贤若渴
  • 清聖濁賢/清圣浊贤
  • 玉賢/玉贤 (Yùxián)
  • 用賢任能/用贤任能
  • 社會賢達/社会贤达
  • 禮士親賢/礼士亲贤
  • 禮賢下士/礼贤下士 (lǐxiánxiàshì)
  • 禮賢好士/礼贤好士
  • 禮賢接士/礼贤接士
  • 禮賢遠佞/礼贤远佞
  • 稱賢薦能/称贤荐能
  • 立賢無方/立贤无方
  • 竹林七賢/竹林七贤 (Zhúlín Qīxián)
  • 竹賢/竹贤 (Zhúxián)
  • 納士招賢/纳士招贤
  • 群賢/群贤 (qúnxián)
  • 群賢畢至/群贤毕至 (qúnxiánbìzhì)
  • 老賢姪/老贤侄
  • 聖經賢傳/圣经贤传
  • 聖賢/圣贤 (shèngxián)
  • 聖賢爺/圣贤爷
  • 至賢/至贤
  • 舉賢任能/举贤任能
  • 舉賢使能/举贤使能
  • 良將賢相/良将贤相
  • 蔽賢/蔽贤 (bìxián)
  • 蔽賢寵頑/蔽贤宠顽
  • 薦賢/荐贤
  • 薦賢任能/荐贤任能
  • 薦賢舉能/荐贤举能
  • 褒賢遏惡/褒贤遏恶
  • 見賢不隱/见贤不隐
  • 見賢思齊/见贤思齐 (jiànxiánsīqí)
  • 親賢/亲贤
  • 識才尊賢/识才尊贤
  • 議賢/议贤
  • 讓賢/让贤 (ràngxián)
  • 象賢/象贤
  • 貞懿賢淑/贞懿贤淑
  • 賢人/贤人 (xiánrén)
  • 賢伉儷/贤伉俪
  • 賢俊/贤俊
  • 賢內助/贤内助 (xiánnèizhù)
  • 賢勞/贤劳
  • 賢君/贤君 (xiánjūn)
  • 賢否不明/贤否不明
  • 賢哲/贤哲 (xiánzhé)
  • 賢喬梓/贤乔梓
  • 賢士/贤士 (xiánshì)
  • 賢契/贤契
  • 賢妃/贤妃
  • 賢奸倒置
  • 賢姊/贤姊
  • 賢妻/贤妻 (xiánqī)
  • 賢妻良母/贤妻良母 (xiánqīliángmǔ)
  • 賢婿/贤婿
  • 賢孝/贤孝 (xiánxiào)
  • 賢家/贤家
  • 賢尊/贤尊
  • 賢弟/贤弟 (xiándì)
  • 賢彥/贤彦
  • 賢從/贤从
  • 賢德/贤德 (xiándé)
  • 賢愚不分/贤愚不分
  • 賢慧/贤慧 (xiánhuì)
  • 賢才/贤才 (xiáncái)
  • 賢明/贤明 (xiánmíng)
  • 賢昆仲/贤昆仲
  • 賢昆玉/贤昆玉
  • 賢淑/贤淑 (xiánshū)
  • 賢相/贤相
  • 賢者/贤者 (xiánzhě)
  • 賢能/贤能 (xiánnéng)
  • 賢臣/贤臣 (xiánchén)
  • 賢良/贤良
  • 賢良方正/贤良方正
  • 賢賢易色/贤贤易色
  • 賢路/贤路
  • 賢達/贤达 (xiándá)
  • 賢郎/贤郎
  • 賢阮/贤阮
  • 輕賢慢士/轻贤慢士
  • 進賢/进贤
  • 進賢任能/进贤任能
  • 進賢冠/进贤冠
  • 選賢任能/选贤任能
  • 選賢與能/选贤与能
  • 避賢/避贤
  • 避賢謝拙/避贤谢拙
  • 鄉賢/乡贤 (xiāngxián)
  • 酒喻聖賢/酒喻圣贤
  • 野無遺賢/野无遗贤
  • 集賢殿/集贤殿
  • 養賢納士/养贤纳士
  • 高賢/高贤

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (賢):
  • → Vietnamese: hiền (賢)

Etymology 2

trad. 賢
simp. 贤

Pronunciation


Definitions

賢

  1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 𠢕

Japanese

Kanji

賢

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. intelligence
  2. clever
  3. quick-witted
  4. sagacious

Readings

Proper noun

賢(さとる) or 賢(まさる) or 賢(けん) • (Satoru or Masaru or Ken) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

賢 (eum 현 (hyeon))

  1. virtuous

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

賢: Hán Nôm readings: hiền, hèn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

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