腰

腰 U+8170, 腰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8170
← 腯
[U+816F]
CJK Unified Ideographs 腱 →
[U+8171]

Translingual

Han character

腰 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月一田女 (BMWV), four-corner 71244, composition ⿰月要(GJK) or ⿰⺼要(HTV))

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 989, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29705
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1441, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2094, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+8170

Chinese

trad. 腰
simp. # 腰

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qew) : semantic ⺼ (“flesh”) + phonetic 要 (OC *qew, *qews).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • io - vernacular;
  • iau - literary.
    Note:
    • iê1 - Chaozhou;
    • io1 - Shantou.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 1iau
          • MiniDict: iau平
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1iau
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /iɔ⁵³/
      • Xiang
        • (Changsha)
          • Wiktionary: iau1
          • Sinological IPA (key): /i̯ɒu̯³³/

Rime
Character 腰
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 宵 (91)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於霄切
Baxter 'jiew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔiᴇu/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔiɛu/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔjæu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔiaw/
Li
Rong
/ʔiɛu/
Wang
Li
/ĭɛu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯ɛu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jiu1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 腰
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yāo
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjiew ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔew/
English waist

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 腰
Reading # 1/1
No. 14747
Phonetic
component
要
Rime
group
宵
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
要
Old
Chinese
/*qew/

Definitions

腰

  1. (anatomy) waist; lower back; small of the back (Classifier: 條/条 c)
  2. waist of clothes
  3. kidney; edible animal kidney
  4. purse; pockets
  5. middle part
  6. a surname: Yao

Synonyms

  • (waist): (regional) 腰子 (yāozi)
  • (kidney):

Compounds

  • 下腰
  • 上腰
  • 上腰包
  • 主腰 (zhǔyāo)
  • 五斗折腰
  • 亞腰葫蘆/亚腰葫芦
  • 仗腰子
  • 伸懶腰/伸懒腰 (shēn lǎnyāo)
  • 伸腰
  • 割靴腰子
  • 半中腰 (bànzhōngyāo)
  • 半山腰 (bànshānyāo)
  • 叉腰 (chāyāo)
  • 吊腰
  • 哈腰 (hāyāo)
  • 圍腰/围腰
  • 壓腰/压腰 (yāyāo)
  • 宮腰/宫腰
  • 展腳舒腰/展脚舒腰
  • 山腰 (shānyāo)
  • 廊腰
  • 弓腰
  • 弓腰曲背
  • 弔腰撒跨/吊腰撒跨
  • 彎腰駝背/弯腰驼背
  • 後腰/后腰
  • 懶腰/懒腰 (lǎnyāo)
  • 扠腰
  • 扭腰
  • 扶腰
  • 折腰 (zhéyāo)
  • 折腰五斗
  • 折腰升斗
  • 扭腰撒胯
  • 折腰步
  • 抱腰
  • 拿腰
  • 挺腰
  • 挺腰子
  • 捶腰
  • 探腰
  • 掏腰包 (tāo yāobāo)
  • 掂腳舒腰/掂脚舒腰
  • 插腰 (chāyāo)
  • 搭腰
  • 摧眉折腰
  • 撐腰/撑腰 (chēngyāo)
  • 攔腰/拦腰
  • 束腰 (shùyāo)
  • 柳腰
  • 楊柳腰/杨柳腰
  • 楚腰
  • 毛腰
  • 水蛇腰 (shuǐshéyāo)
  • 沈腰
  • 沈腰潘鬢
  • 流水腰
  • 涮腰
  • 潘鬢沈腰
  • 熊腰虎背
  • 牛腰
  • 白腰雨燕
  • 等腰梯形 (děngyāo tīxíng)
  • 納胯挪腰/纳胯挪腰
  • 細腰/细腰
  • 細腰蜂/细腰蜂
  • 綠腰/绿腰 (Lǜyāo)
  • 繫腰/系腰
  • 纖腰/纤腰
  • 肉腰刀
  • 背紫腰金
  • 腰刀
  • 腰包 (yāobāo)
  • 腰圍/腰围 (yāowéi)
  • 腰圓/腰圆
  • 腰子 (yāozi)
  • 腰封
  • 腰巾
  • 腰帶/腰带 (yāodài)
  • 腰截
  • 腰房
  • 腰把子
  • 腰斬/腰斩 (yāozhǎn)
  • 腰果 (yāoguǒ)
  • 腰板
  • 腰板兒/腰板儿 (yāobǎnr)
  • 腰板脖硬
  • 腰桿子/腰杆子
  • 腰棚
  • 腰椎 (yāozhuī)
  • 腰椎神經/腰椎神经
  • 腰椎穿刺 (yāozhuī chuāncì)
  • 腰機/腰机
  • 腰櫃/腰柜
  • 腰牌
  • 腰痛 (yāotòng)
  • 腰眼 (yāoyǎn)
  • 腰窩兒/腰窝儿
  • 腰站兒/腰站儿
  • 腰粗氣豪/腰粗气豪
  • 腰纏/腰缠 (yāochán)
  • 腰纏萬貫/腰缠万贯
  • 腰肌 (yāojī)
  • 腰肢
  • 腰胯
  • 腰腿 (yāotuǐ)
  • 腰舟
  • 腰花 (yāohuā)
  • 腰裡硬/腰里硬
  • 腰褡子
  • 腰襦
  • 腰身
  • 腰輿/腰舆
  • 腰部 (yāobù)
  • 腰金拖紫
  • 腰金紫綬/腰金紫绶
  • 腰金衣紫
  • 腰鋪/腰铺
  • 腰鍋/腰锅
  • 腰門/腰门
  • 腰頭硬/腰头硬
  • 腰骨 (yāogǔ)
  • 腰鼓 (yāogǔ)
  • 自掏腰包 (zì tāo yāobāo)
  • 虎背熊腰 (hǔbèixióngyāo)
  • 虎體熊腰/虎体熊腰 (hǔtǐxióngyāo)
  • 虎體狼腰/虎体狼腰 (hǔ tǐ láng yāo)
  • 彪腹狼腰 (biāo fù láng yāo)
  • 蜂腰 (fēngyāo)
  • 蜂腰削背
  • 蝦腰/虾腰
  • 蠻腰/蛮腰
  • 衣紫腰金
  • 衣紫腰銀/衣紫腰银
  • 衣紫腰黃/衣紫腰黄
  • 褲腰/裤腰 (kùyāo)
  • 賣腰的/卖腰的
  • 𨉣腰
  • 轉腰子/转腰子
  • 長腰/长腰
  • 面薄腰纖/面薄腰纤
  • 頂門腰軟/顶门腰软
  • 點頭哈腰/点头哈腰 (diǎntóuhāyāo)
  • 齊腰/齐腰 (qíyāo)

Descendants

  • → Proto-Tai: *ˀjeːwᴬ (“waist”)

Japanese

Shinjitai 腰
Kyūjitai
[1]

腰󠄁
腰+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
腰󠄃
腰+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

腰

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. hips, loins, lower back

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
腰
こし
Grade: S
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 腰 – see the following entry.
【こしコシ】
[noun] the waist, the (lower) back, the small of the back
[noun] (anatomy) the lumbar region
[noun] the skirting of a shoji
[noun] the third line of a waka or tanka poem (from the way that the next two lines are longer, similar to the way the body gets wider at the hips)
[noun] (of food) chewiness; springiness
(This term, 腰, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
腰
よう
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 腰 (MC 'jiew).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [jo̞ː]

Affix

腰(よう) • (yō) ←えう (eu)?

  1. hips, loins, lower back

References

  1. 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “腰”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎ (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腰 (MC 'jiew). Recorded as Middle Korean 요 (yo) (Yale: yo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 腰 (eumhun 허리 요 (heori yo))

  1. Hanja form? of 요 (“waist; hips”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

腰: Hán Nôm readings: yêu, ro, eo, oeo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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