阿鼻地獄

Chinese

		Avīci	hell; underworld; inferno hell; underworld; inferno; hell on earth
trad. (阿鼻地獄)		阿鼻	地獄
simp. (阿鼻地狱)		阿鼻	地狱

Etymology

Sanskrit अवीचि (avīci) + 地獄／地狱 (dìyù).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ābí dìyù

(Zhuyin): ㄚㄅㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): aa³ bei⁶ dei⁶ juk⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ābí dìyù
  - Zhuyin: ㄚㄅㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: abí dìyù
  - Wade–Giles: a¹-pi² ti⁴-yü⁴
  - Yale: ā-bí dì-yù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: abyi dihyuh
  - Palladius: аби диюй (abi dijuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀä⁵⁵ pi³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: aa³ bei⁶ dei⁶ juk⁶
  - Yale: a beih deih yuhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: aa³ bei⁶ dei⁶ juk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: a³ béi⁶ déi⁶ yug⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /aː³³ pei̯²² tei̯²² jʊk̚²/

Middle Chinese: 'a bjijH dijH ngjowk

Rime
Character	阿	鼻	地	獄
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	並 (3)	定 (7)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	脂 (15)	脂 (15)	鍾 (8)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III	III
Fanqie	烏何切	毗至切	徒四切	魚欲切
Baxter	'a	bjijH	dijH	ngjowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑ/	/biɪ^H/	/diɪ^H/	/ŋɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑ/	/bi^H/	/di^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑ/	/bjɪ^H/	/djɪ^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔa/	/bi^H/	/di^H/	/ŋuawk̚/
Li Rong	/ʔɑ/	/bi^H/	/di^H/	/ŋiok̚/
Wang Li	/ɑ/	/bi^H/	/di^H/	/ŋĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑ/	/bʱi^H/	/dʱi^H/	/ŋi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ē	bì	dì	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	o¹	bei⁶	dei⁶	juk⁶

Noun

阿鼻地獄

(Buddhism) Avīci (the lowest level of the “hell” realm)

Synonyms

無間地獄／无间地狱 (wújiàn dìyù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (阿鼻地獄):

→ Japanese: 阿(あ)鼻(び)地(じ)獄(ごく) (abi jigoku)
→ Korean: 아비지옥(阿鼻地獄) (abijiok)

Further reading

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “阿鼻地獄” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Korean

Hanja in this term
阿	鼻	地	獄

Noun

阿鼻地獄 • (abijiok) (hangeul 아비지옥)

Hanja form^? of 아비지옥 (“(Buddhism) Avīci”).

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