孟

See also: 盂
孟 U+5B5F, 孟
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B5F
← 孞
[U+5B5E]
CJK Unified Ideographs 孠 →
[U+5B60]

Translingual

Han character

孟 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 弓木月廿 (NDBT), four-corner 17107, composition ⿱子皿)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 278, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6960
  • Dae Jaweon: page 546, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1013, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5B5F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
孟
alternative forms 𥁪

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *mraːŋs) : semantic 子 (“child; son”) + phonetic 皿 (OC *maŋʔ)

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *maŋ (“big; old; elder (brother, uncle)”); cognate with Anong ʈhi³¹ mɑŋ³¹ (“old; elderly”), Drung tvmvng (“elder sibling”), Burmese မင်း (mang:, “monarch; king”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

Likely related to 兄 (OC *hmraŋ, “older brother”) (Sagart, 1999; STEDT). Perhaps also related to 芒 (OC *maːŋ, *maŋ, “great; extensive”) and 荒 (OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs, “vast; excessive; senile”) (Sagart, 1999; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • men5 - vernacular;
  • mung5 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 孟
Mandarin Beijing /məŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /məŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /məŋ⁵³/
Jinan /məŋ²¹/
Qingdao /məŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /məŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /məŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /mə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /məŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /mə̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /mɤŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /moŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /moŋ¹³/
Guiyang /moŋ²¹³/
Kunming /moŋ²¹²/
Nanjing /mən⁴⁴/
Hefei /məŋ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /məŋ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /məŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /mə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /mã²³/
Suzhou /mã³¹/
Hangzhou /moŋ¹³/
Wenzhou /miɛ²²/
Hui Shexian /mʌ̃²²/
Tunxi /man¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /moŋ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /mən⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /mɛn²¹/
/muŋ²¹/
Hakka Meixian /men⁵³/
Taoyuan /men⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /maŋ²²/
Nanning /mɐŋ²²/
Hong Kong /maŋ²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /biŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /maiŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /maiŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /meŋ³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /moŋ³⁵/

Rime
Character 孟
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 庚 (109)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 莫更切
Baxter maengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mˠæŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/mᵚaŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/maŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/maɨjŋH/
Li
Rong
/mɐŋH/
Wang
Li
/mɐŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mɐŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
mèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mang6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 孟
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
mèng
Middle
Chinese
‹ mængH ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁraŋ-s/
English eldest, great

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 孟
Reading # 1/1
No. 9152
Phonetic
component
皿
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
孟
Old
Chinese
/*mraːŋs/

Definitions

孟

  1. eldest brother (also used in personal names)
  2. first month of a season
    孟秋  ―  mèngqiū  ―  seventh month of Chinese calendar
  3. (figuratively) first in series
  4. (figuratively) great, eminent
  5. to strive; to endeavor
  6. (~族) Mon people
  7. Short for 孟子 (Mèngzǐ, “Mencius; Mencius (book)”).
  8. Short for 孟加拉 (Mèngjiālā, “Bangladesh”).
  9. Alternative form of 猛 (měng, “bold; powerful”)
  10. a surname
    孟浩然  ―  Mèng Hàorán  ―  Meng Haoran (Tang dynasty poet)

Compounds

  • 主孟
  • 亞孟/亚孟 (yàmèng)
  • 優孟/优孟
  • 優孟衣冠/优孟衣冠
  • 公孟
  • 四孟
  • 姜孟
  • 孔孟 (Kǒng-Mèng)
  • 孔孟之道 (Kǒng-Mèng zhī dào)
  • 孔孟學會/孔孟学会
  • 孟享
  • 孟亭
  • 孟什維克/孟什维克 (mèngshíwéikè)
  • 孟仲叔季
  • 孟侯
  • 孟光
  • 孟光舉案/孟光举案
  • 孟公
  • 孟公孟姥
  • 孟公投轄/孟公投辖
  • 孟冬
  • 孟加拉 (Mèngjiālā)
  • 孟勞/孟劳
  • 孟博登車/孟博登车
  • 孟叟
  • 孟嘗/孟尝
  • 孟嘗君/孟尝君
  • 孟嘉落帽
  • 孟夏 (Mèngxià)
  • 孟姑姑
  • 孟姥
  • 孟姜
  • 孟姜女 (Mèngjiāngnǚ)
  • 孟姜女調/孟姜女调
  • 孟婆 (Mèngpó)
  • 孟娵
  • 孟婆湯/孟婆汤 (mèngpótāng)
  • 孟子 (Mèngzǐ)
  • 季孟
  • 季孟之間/季孟之间
  • 孟宗泣筍/孟宗泣笋
  • 孟宗竹 (mèngzōngzhú)
  • 孟家溪 (Mèngjiāxī)
  • 孟家蟬/孟家蝉
  • 孟州 (Mèngzhōu, “Mengzhou”)
  • 孟常
  • 孟廡/孟庑
  • 孟戲/孟戏
  • 孟族 (mèngzú)
  • 孟春
  • 孟晉/孟晋
  • 孟月 (mèngyuè)
  • 孟村 (Mèngcūn)
  • 孟林筍/孟林笋
  • 孟極/孟极
  • 孟槐
  • 孟樓/孟楼 (Mènglóu)
  • 孟樂/孟乐
  • 孟母 (Mèngmǔ)
  • 孟母三遷/孟母三迁 (mèngmǔsānqiān)
  • 孟母擇鄰/孟母择邻
  • 孟母斷織/孟母断织
  • 孟津 (Mèngjīn)
  • 孟浪
  • 孟浪輕狂/孟浪轻狂
  • 孟瀦/孟潴
  • 孟秋
  • 孟竹
  • 孟織/孟织
  • 孟良盜馬/孟良盗马
  • 孟荀 (Mèng-Xún)
  • 孟藝/孟艺
  • 孟襄陽/孟襄阳
  • 孟詩韓筆/孟诗韩笔
  • 孟說/孟说
  • 孟語/孟语 (mèngyǔ)
  • 孟諸/孟诸
  • 孟豬/孟猪
  • 孟買/孟买 (Mèngmǎi)
  • 孟賁/孟贲
  • 孟鄰/孟邻
  • 孟門/孟门
  • 孟陬 (mèngzōu)
  • 孟陽/孟阳
  • 孟青
  • 孟青棒
  • 孟非斯
  • 孟韓/孟韩
  • 孟饗/孟飨
  • 孟鳥/孟鸟
  • 孟麗君/孟丽君
  • 孫孟/孙孟
  • 寒孟
  • 施孟
  • 春孟
  • 月孟
  • 桓孟
  • 梁孟
  • 浪孟
  • 焦孟不離/焦孟不离
  • 王孟
  • 秋孟
  • 落帽孟嘉
  • 衣冠優孟/衣冠优孟
  • 論孟/论孟
  • 賓孟/宾孟
  • 趙孟/赵孟
  • 鄒孟/邹孟
  • 韓孟/韩孟

References

Japanese

Kanji

孟

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. Used in personal names.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

孟 (eumhun 맏 맹 (mat maeng))

  1. Hanja form? of 맹 (“first in a series”).
  2. Hanja form? of 맹 (“great, eminent”).

孟 (eumhun 맹랑할 망 (maengnanghal mang))

  1. Hanja form? of 망 (“shrewd, impudent, difficult”).

Vietnamese

Han character

孟: Hán Việt readings: mạnh[1][2][3]
孟: Nôm readings: mạnh[1][2][3], mảnh[1]

  1. Nôm form of mạnh (“strong; powerful; vigorous”).

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).

Zhuang

Pronoun

孟

  1. Sawndip form of mwngz (“you”)
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