陽

See also: 阳
陽 U+967D, 陽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-967D
← 陼
[U+967C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 陾 →
[U+967E]

Translingual

Han character

陽 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 弓中日一竹 (NLAMH), four-corner 76227, composition ⿰阝昜)

Derived characters
  • 鐊 (𬭏), 𫉤, 𥳜, 𤺹, 𪤝, 𫶖

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1355, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41725
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1859, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4144, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+967D

Chinese
trad. 陽
simp. 阳
alternative forms
 
𣆄
氜
阦
𨹈
𥌖
𣆄
氜
阦
𨹈
𥌖
𨼗
𨼘
𨼡
𨽐
羊 positive result

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 陽
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions
Characters in the same phonetic series (昜) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
湯 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *hljaŋ
踼 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋʔ, *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs
蝪 *l̥ʰaːŋ
薚 *l̥ʰaːŋ
簜 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l'aːŋʔ
盪 *l̥ʰaːŋ, *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ
偒 *l̥ʰaːŋʔ
蕩 *l̥ʰaːŋs, *l'aːŋʔ
燙 *l̥ʰaːŋs
啺 *l'aːŋ
碭 *l'aːŋ, *l'aːŋs
婸 *l'aːŋʔ
愓 *l'aːŋʔ
璗 *l'aːŋʔ
崵 *l'aːŋʔ, *laŋ
逿 *l'aːŋs
暢 *l̥ʰaŋs
畼 *l̥ʰaŋs
腸 *l'aŋ
場 *l'aŋ
傷 *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs
殤 *hljaŋ
觴 *hljaŋ
慯 *hljaŋ, *hljaŋs
禓 *hljaŋ, *laŋ
塲 *hljaŋ
陽 *laŋ
楊 *laŋ
揚 *laŋ
瘍 *laŋ
煬 *laŋ, *laŋs
鍚 *laŋ
暘 *laŋ
颺 *laŋ, *laŋs
昜 *laŋ
輰 *laŋ
敭 *laŋ
鰑 *laŋ
諹 *laŋ, *laŋs
瑒 *laŋ, *rlaːŋʔ
鸉 *laŋ
餳 *ljaːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laŋ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 阜 (“hill”) + phonetic 昜 (OC *laŋ, “sunshine”) – sun shining on a hill.

Etymology

Either Sino-Tibetan or a Mainland Southeast Asian (MSEA) Wanderwort; compare Burmese လင်း (lang:, “bright”), Lepcha ᰣᰦᰜᰩᰵ (a-lóṅ, “reflective light”), Thai ปลั่ง (bplàng, “bright; shiny”) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Kuki-Chin *klaaŋ-I, klaan-II (“shine; light; bright”) and compares it to the following:

  • 陽 (OC *laŋ, “sunshine”)
  • 景 (OC *kraŋʔ, “bright; scenery”)
  • 鏡 (OC *kraŋs, “mirror”)
  • 亮 (OC *raŋs, “bright”)
  • 章 (OC *kjaŋ, “brilliant, splendid; rule; emblem; display (v.)”)

Pronunciation

Note:
  • iûⁿ/iôⁿ - vernacular;
  • iông/iâng - literary.
    Note:
    • iên5 - Chaozhou (in placenames);
    • ion5 - Shantou (in placenames).
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 6yan
          • MiniDict: yan去
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3hhian
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦiã²³/
      • Xiang
        • (Changsha)
          • Wiktionary: ian2
          • Sinological IPA (key): /i̯æn¹³/
Rime
Character 陽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 與章切
Baxter yang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /iɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jɨaŋ/
Li
Rong		 /iaŋ/
Wang
Li		 /jĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 joeng4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 陽
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yáng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ yang ›
Old
Chinese		 /*laŋ/
English bright

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 陽
Reading # 1/1
No. 14590
Phonetic
component		 昜
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 陽
Old
Chinese		 /*laŋ/

Definitions

陽

  1. (philosophy) “male” principle; yang in yin-yang
  2. sun
    太陽／太阳  ―  tàiyáng  ―  the Sun
    陽曆／阳历  ―  yánglì  ―  solar calendar
    夕陽／夕阳  ―  xīyáng  ―  setting sun
  3. male genitals
    陽物／阳物  ―  yángwù  ―  penis
    陽痿／阳痿  ―  yángwěi  ―  to be impotent
  4. open; overt
    陽溝／阳沟  ―  yánggōu  ―  open drain, ditch
  5. positive
    陽離子／阳离子  ―  yánglízǐ  ―  cation; positive ion
    陽性反應／阳性反应  ―  yángxìng fǎnyìng  ―  positive result (in a medical test)
    1. (neologism) to be tested positive for COVID-19
      陽過／阳过  ―  yáng guò  ―  to have recovered from COVID-19 (a pun of Yang Guo, a character in Jin Yong's novels) (literally, “was tested positive”)
  6. convex; in relief
    陽文／阳文  ―  yángwén  ―  characters cut in relief
  7. human world; this world
    陽世／阳世  ―  yángshì  ―  human world; world of the living
    陽壽／阳寿  ―  yángshòu  ―  lifespan
  8. (Chinese phonetics, of a syllable) closed with a nasal consonantal coda
  9. south side of mountain or north side of river
    洛陽／洛阳  ―  Luòyáng  ―  Luoyang
  10. (literary) to feign; to pretend
    alt. forms: 佯 (yáng)
  11. a surname

Antonyms

See also
The tones (of Chinese) in Mandarin · 聲調／声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text)
平仄 (píngzè) 平 (píng)
平聲／平声 (píngshēng)		 仄 (zè)
仄聲／仄声 (zèshēng)
平上去入 (píngshǎngqùrù)
四聲／四声 (sìshēng)		 平 (píng)
平聲／平声 (píngshēng)		 上 (shǎng)
上聲／上声 (shǎngshēng)		 去 (qù)
去聲／去声 (qùshēng)		 入 (rù)
入聲／入声 (rùshēng)
標調方法／标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ)
標調法／标调法		 四角標調法／四角标调法 ꜀◌ ꜂◌ ◌꜄ ◌꜆
[Term?] ◌〪 ◌〫 ◌〬 ◌〭
傍點／傍点 ∅ ◌〮 ◌〯 ∅
四聲八調／四声八调 陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng) 陽平／阳平 (yángpíng) 陰上／阴上 (yīnshǎng) 陽上／阳上 (yángshǎng) 陰去／阴去 (yīnqù) 陽去／阳去 (yángqù) 陰入／阴入 (yīnrù) 陽入／阳入 (yángrù)
陰／阴 (yīn) 陽／阳 (yáng)
標調方法／标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ)
標調法／标调法		 四角標調法／四角标调法 ꜀◌ ꜁◌ ꜂◌ ꜃◌ ◌꜄ ◌꜅ ◌꜆ ◌꜇
The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Mandarin · 聲調／声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text)
四聲／四声 (sìshēng) 陰平／阴平 (yīnpíng)
一聲／一声		 陽平／阳平 (yángpíng)
二聲／二声 (èrshēng)		 上聲／上声 (shǎngshēng)
三聲／三声 (sānshēng)		 去聲／去声 (qùshēng)
四聲／四声 (sìshēng)		 輕聲／轻声 (qīngshēng)

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (陽):
  • → Japanese: 陽(よう) (yō)
  • → Korean: 양(陽) (yang)
  • → Vietnamese: dương (陽)

Japanese

Kanji
陽

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. the sun
  2. yang (in contrast to yin)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
陽
ひ
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Noun

陽(ひ) • (hi) 

  1. Alternative spelling of 日: sun, sunshine

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
陽
よう
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 陽 (MC yang).

Pronunciation

Affix

陽(よう) • (yō) ←やう (yau)?

  1. sun; sunlight; light
  2. yang (in yin-yang)
  3. positive; plus; male
  4. open; overt

Noun

陽(よう) • (yō) ←やう (yau)?

  1. yang (in yin-yang)
  2. open (visible space)
    陰(いん)に陽(よう)に ― in ni yō ni ― openly and covertly; implicitly and explicitly

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 陽 (MC yang). Recorded as Middle Korean 야ᇰ (yang) (Yale: yang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 陽 (eumhun 볕 양 (byeot yang))

  1. Hanja form? of 양 (“sky; the sun; sun light; morning”).
  2. Hanja form? of 양 (“male; yang (in contrast to yin)”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

陽: Hán Nôm readings: dương

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds
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