帕

帕	U+5E15, 帕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E15

← 帔
[U+5E14]

CJK Unified Ideographs

帖 →
[U+5E16]

Translingual

Han character

帕 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 中月竹日 (LBHA), four-corner 4620₀, composition ⿰巾白)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 329, character 44
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8848
Dae Jaweon: page 635, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 734, character 7
Unihan data for U+5E15

Chinese

simp. and trad.		帕

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
怕	pʰraːɡs, pʰraːɡ
帕	pʰraːɡs, mbraːd
粕	pʰaːɡ, pʰraːɡ
胉	*pʰaːɡ
泊	*baːɡ
箔	*baːɡ
魄	tʰaːɡ, pʰraːɡ
皕	*prɯɡ
伯	*praːɡ
百	*praːɡ
迫	*praːɡ
敀	praːɡ, pʰraːɡ
柏	*praːɡ
湐	*praːɡ
拍	*pʰraːɡ
珀	*pʰraːɡ
皛	pʰraːɡ, ɡeːwʔ
洦	mpʰraːɡ, mbraːɡ
白	*braːɡ
帛	*braːɡ
舶	*braːɡ
鮊	*braːɡ
陌	*mbraːɡ
帞	*mbraːɡ
袹	*mbraːɡ
蛨	*mbraːɡ
貊	*mbraːɡ
佰	*mbraːɡ
銆	*mbraːɡ
碧	praɡ, preɡ
咟	*ɦmreːɡ

Etymology

“Phrae Province; Phrae City”: Borrowed from Thai แพร่ (prɛ̂ɛ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): pà (pa⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄚˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pa⁴ / pa¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): paak³, paa³, mat⁶, mak⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pha

(Meixian, Guangdong): pa⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): pá
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): phàⁿ / phà / phè / phèe / pheh

(Teochew, Peng'im): pê³
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pe⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pà
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pà
  - Wade–Giles: pʻa⁴
  - Yale: pà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pah
  - Palladius: па (pa)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰä⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: pa⁴ / pa¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pa / pa
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰa²¹³/, /pʰa⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: paak³, paa³, mat⁶, mak⁶
  - Yale: paak, pa, maht, mahk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: paak⁸, paa³, mat⁹, mak⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: pag³, pa³, med⁶, meg⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːk̚³/, /pʰaː³³/, /mɐt̚²/, /mɐk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pha
  - Hakka Romanization System: pa
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pa⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰa⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: pa⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰa⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: pá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phàⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: phànn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phvax
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰã⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phà
  - Tâi-lô: phà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phax
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰa²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phè
  - Tâi-lô: phè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phex
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /pʰe²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰe¹¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰe⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phèe
  - Tâi-lô: phèe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɛ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pheh
  - Tâi-lô: pheh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pheq
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰeʔ³²/

Note:

phàⁿ/phà - literary;
phè/phèe/pheh - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pê³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phè
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰe²¹³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: pe⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɤ̞²⁴/

Middle Chinese: maet

Rime
Character	帕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	黠 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	莫鎋切
Baxter	maet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨt̚/
Li Rong	/mat̚/
Wang Li	/mat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/măt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	maat⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*pʰraːɡs/, /*mbraːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	帕	帕
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	185	186
Phonetic component	白	白
Rime group	暮	月
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	帊	𥗥
Old Chinese	/*pʰraːɡs/	/*mbraːd/
Notes	同帊

Definitions

帕

to wrap
kerchief, handkerchief, headscarf
Short for 帕斯卡 (Pàsīkǎ, “pascal (SI unit)”).
(～府) Phrae province
(～市) Phrae city

Compounds

伊底帕斯
佛帕
坎帕拉 (Kǎnpàlā)
帕修斯
帕勞／帕劳 (Pàláo)
帕子 (pàzi)
帕巴拉
帕息吉
帕拉
帕提亞／帕提亚 (Pàtíyà)
帕斯卡 (Pàsīkǎ)
帕格尼尼 (Pàgéníní)
帕耳美拉
帕腹
帕頭／帕头
帕首
手帕 (shǒupà)
手帕姊妹
手帕子
書帕／书帕
書帕本／书帕本
歐帕林／欧帕林
汗帕
絹帕／绢帕
羅帕／罗帕
臉帕／脸帕

References

“帕”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

帕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): ばつ (batsu); めち (mechi); は (ha); へ (he); はく (haku); みゃく (myaku); みゅく (myuku)
Kun: つつむ (tsutsumu)

Korean

Hanja

帕 • (mal, pa) (hangeul 말, 파, revised mal, pa, McCune–Reischauer mal, p'a)

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Vietnamese

Han character

帕: Hán Nôm readings: phạ

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References

Nom Foundation

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