荐

See also: 薦

荐	U+8350, 荐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8350

← 荏
[U+834F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

荑 →
[U+8351]

Translingual

Han character

荐 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 9 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 廿大中木 (TKLD), four-corner 4424₇, composition ⿱艹存)

Derived characters

𢞻, 鞯

Related characters

薦 (Traditional form of 荐)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1031, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30951
Dae Jaweon: page 1490, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3201, character 4
Unihan data for U+8350

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (存) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
荐	*zlɯːns
洊	*zlɯːns
臶	zlɯːns, zluːns
栫	zlɯːns, zluːns
袸	zlɯːns, zluːn
存	*zluːn
拵	*zluːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zlɯːns) : semantic 艸 + phonetic 存 (OC *zluːn).

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 荐 – see 薦 (“to offer; to present; to recommend; to suggest; to endorse; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 薦).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

trad.		荐
simp. ^#		荐
alternative forms		薦

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tswa-n (“grass”); cognate with Tibetan རྩྭ (rtswa, “grass”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zin³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
  - Wade–Giles: chien⁴
  - Yale: jyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
  - Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zin³
  - Yale: jin
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzin³
  - Guangdong Romanization: jin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn³³/

Middle Chinese: dzenH

Rime
Character	荐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	在甸切
Baxter	dzenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zen^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zen^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɛn^H/
Li Rong	/d͡zen^H/
Wang Li	/d͡zien^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-tsˤə[n]-s/, /*[N-ts]ˤə[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*zlɯːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	荐	荐
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiàn	jiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ dzen^H ›	‹ dzen^H ›
Old Chinese	/*N-tsˁə[n]-s/	/*[N-ts]ˁə[n]-s/
English	grass, herb	twice; a second time
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	荐
Reading #	1/1
No.	1900
Phonetic component	存
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	荐
Old Chinese	/*zlɯːns/

Definitions

荐

straw mat
fodder grass
repeatedly
- 晉荐饑，使乞糴于秦。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  晋荐饥，使乞籴于秦。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE
  Jìn jiàn jī, shǐ qǐ dí yú Qín. [Pinyin]
  Jin, hit by consecutive crop failures, sent a delegation to Qin to request grain imports.
^‡ to gather
Alternative form of 薦／荐 (jiàn, “to recommend”)

Compounds

舉荐 (jǔjiàn)
荐仍
荐任
荐更
荐臻 (jiànzhēn)
草荐 (cǎojiàn)
荐蓁
荐食
荐食
荐饑
饑饉荐臻／饥馑荐臻 (jījǐnjiànzhēn)

Japanese

Kanji

荐

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): せん (sen); ぜん (zen)

Kun: しきりに (shikirini)

Korean

Hanja

荐 • (cheon, geon) (hangeul 천, 건, revised cheon, geon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, kŏn, Yale chen, ken)

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Vietnamese

Han character

荐: Hán Nôm readings: tiến

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References

Nom Foundation

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