菁華

See also: 精华

Chinese
flower of leek
 
flowery; flourishing; magnificent
flowery; flourishing; magnificent; your; grey; corona; time; essence; China; Chinese; name of a mountain
trad. (菁華/精華) 菁/精 華
simp. (精华) 精 华

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 菁 華
Reading # 1/1 1/3
Initial (聲) 精 (13) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 清 (121) 麻 (99)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) III II
Fanqie 子盈切 戸花切
Baxter tsjeng hwae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡siᴇŋ/ /ɦˠua/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡siɛŋ/ /ɦʷᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡siæŋ/ /ɣua/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡siajŋ/ /ɦwaɨ/
Li
Rong		 /t͡siɛŋ/ /ɣua/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sĭɛŋ/ /ɣwa/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡si̯ɛŋ/ /ɣwa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jīng huá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zing1 waa4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 華
Reading # 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 huá
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwæ ›
Old
Chinese		 /*N-qʷʰˁra/
English flower (v.); flowery (adj.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 菁 華
Reading # 1/1 2/3
No. 11328 5312
Phonetic
component		 生 華
Rime
group		 耕 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 精 華
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsleŋ/ /*ɡʷraː/
Notes 說文於聲

Noun

菁華

  1. essence; quintessence; marrow; pith; essential parts
    剔除糟粕，吸取精華。 [MSC, trad.]
    剔除糟粕，吸取精华。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tīchú zāopò, xīqǔ jīnghuá. [Pinyin]
    Remove the dregs and extract the essence.
    請您將研究成果的精華與大家分享。 [MSC, trad.]
    请您将研究成果的精华与大家分享。 [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐng nín jiāng yánjiū chéngguǒ de jīnghuá yǔ dàjiā fēnxiǎng. [Pinyin]
    Please share with everyone the essential parts of your research findings.
  2. (literary) brilliance; splendor; radiance; glory

Synonyms
  • (essence):
  • (brilliance):

Derived terms
  • 天地菁華／天地菁华

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (菁華):
  • → Japanese: 精(せい)華(か) (seika)
  • → Korean: 정화(菁華) (jeonghwa)
  • → Vietnamese: tinh hoa (菁華)
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