優婆塞

Chinese
phonetic
trad. (優婆塞) 優 婆 塞
simp. (优婆塞) 优 婆 塞

Etymology

From Sanskrit उपासक (upāsaka).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 優 婆 塞
Reading # 1/1 1/1 2/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 並 (3) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 尤 (136) 戈 (95) 德 (131)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed Open
Division (等) III I I
Fanqie 於求切 薄波切 蘇則切
Baxter 'juw ba sok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɨu/ /buɑ/ /sək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔiu/ /buɑ/ /sək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiəu/ /buɑ/ /sək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔuw/ /bwa/ /sək̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiu/ /buɑ/ /sək̚/
Wang
Li		 /ĭəu/ /buɑ/ /sək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ə̯u/ /bʱuɑ/ /sək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yōu pó se
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jau1 po4 sak1

Noun

優婆塞

  1. (Buddhism) male lay devotee

Synonyms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (優婆塞):
  • → Japanese: 優(う)婆(ば)塞(そく) (ubasoku)
  • → Korean: 우바새(優婆塞) (ubasae)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
優 婆 塞
う
Grade: 6		 ば
Grade: S		 そく
Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

From Sanskrit उपासक (upāsaka) or Pali upāsaka. The kanji are ateji (当て字).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) うば​そく [ùbáꜜsòkù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɯ̟ᵝba̠so̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

優(う)婆(ば)塞(そく) • (ubasoku) ←うばそく (ubasoku)?

  1. Male lay followers of the Buddha, and Buddhism in general.

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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