塗

See also: 凃 and 涂
塗 U+5857, 塗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5857
← 塖
[U+5856]
CJK Unified Ideographs 塘 →
[U+5858]

Translingual

Han character

塗 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水木土 (EDG), four-corner 38104, composition ⿱涂土)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 235, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5338
  • Dae Jaweon: page 473, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 474, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5857

Chinese

trad. 塗
simp. 涂*
alternative forms
 
涂 “road”
斁/𭣧 “to daub”
凃
𡌘
𡍼
涂 “road”
斁/𭣧 “to daub”
凃
𡌘
𡍼
𭏚

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *rlaː, *l'aː) : phonetic 涂 (OC *l'aː, *l'a) + semantic 土 (“earth; dirt”).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation


Note:
  • dù - verb;
  • tù - noun.

Rime
Character 塗 塗
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 模 (23) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I II
Fanqie 同都切 宅加切
Baxter du drae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/duo/ /ɖˠa/
Pan
Wuyun
/duo/ /ɖᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen
/do/ /ȡa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dɔ/ /ɖaɨ/
Li
Rong
/do/ /ȡa/
Wang
Li
/du/ /ȡa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱuo/ /ȡʱa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tú chá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
tou4 caa4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 塗 塗
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tú tú
Middle
Chinese
‹ du › ‹ du ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁa/ /*lˁa/
English to plaster road

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 塗 塗
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 15751 15774
Phonetic
component
余 余
Rime
group
魚 魚
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
𡨀 徒
Old
Chinese
/*rlaː/ /*l'aː/
Notes 今作搽

Definitions

塗

  1. mud; shoal
  2. to daub; to smear; to apply; to paint; to plaster
    塗指甲/涂指甲  ―  tú zhǐjia  ―  to paint nails
  3. to cross out; to blot out
  4. to scribble; to scrawl over
  5. Alternative form of 途 (tú, “road”)
    道聽塗說/道听涂说  ―  dàotīngtúshuō  ―  rumours (literally, “listen to what people said along the road”)
  6. (Southern Min) earth; ground
    Alternative form: 土
  7. (alt. form 嵞, 峹) Used in 塗山/涂山 (Túshān).
  8. a surname

Usage notes

The surname 塗/涂 (Tú) is different from the surnames 涂 (Tú) and 凃 (Tú).

Synonyms

  • (mud):
  • (earth):

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Thai: ทา (taa, “to smear; to paint”)

Japanese

Kanji

塗

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. paint

Readings

Compounds

Noun

塗(ぬり) • (nuri) 

  1. Alternative spelling of 塗り

Korean

Hanja

塗 (eumhun 바를 도 (bareul do))

  1. Hanja form? of 도 (“smear, daub, apply, spread”).
  2. Hanja form? of 도 (“paint”).

Vietnamese

Han character

塗: Hán Nôm readings: đồ, đừ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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