新た

Japanese

Kanji in this term
新
あら
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Man'yōshū, completed in 759.[1]

Derived as a compound of 新 (ara, from 生る (aru, “to come into being”), cognate also with 有り (ari, “to exist”, the Old and classical Japanese copula), 現れる (arawareru, “to appear, to become manifest”), 荒 (ara, “rough, unfinished”), numerous other terms) +‎ た (ta, suffix indicating state). The core meaning seems to have been "freshly coming into being", and by extension, new.[2]

Pronunciation

Adjective

新(あら)た • (arata) -na (adnominal 新(あら)たな (arata na), adverbial 新(あら)たに (arata ni))

  1. [from 700s] (formal, literary) new, novel
    Synonym: 新しい (atarashii)
  2. [from late 800s] fresh
  3. [from late 1300s] renewed
  4. [from early 1000s] 灼: efficacious

Inflection

Derived terms

Idioms

  • 筆硯(ひっけん)を新(あら)たにする (hikken o arata ni suru)
  • 新(あら)たに沐(もく)する者(もの)は必(かなら)ず冠(かんむり)を弾(はじ)く (arata ni mokusuru mono wa kanarazu kanmuri o hajiku)
  • 日々(ひび)に新(あら)たなり (hibi ni arata nari)

References

  1. “新た”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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