檜

See also: 栝 and 桧
檜 U+6A9C, 檜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A9C
← 檛
[U+6A9B]
CJK Unified Ideographs 檝 →
[U+6A9D]

Translingual

Han character

檜 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 木人一日 (DOMA), four-corner 48966, composition ⿰木會)

  1. Chinese cypress (Cupressus duclouxiana)
  2. Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 557, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15676
  • Dae Jaweon: page 946, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1303, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6A9C

Chinese

trad. 檜
simp. 桧

Glyph origin

Pronunciation 1



Rime
Character 檜 檜
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 泰 (26) 末 (64)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 古外切 古活切
Baxter kwajH kwat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kuɑiH/ /kuɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɑiH/ /kʷɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɑiH/ /kuɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwajH/ /kwat̚/
Li
Rong
/kuɑiH/ /kuɑt̚/
Wang
Li
/kuɑiH/ /kuɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kuɑiH/ /kuɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guì guo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gui3 gut3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 檜
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guì
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁ[o][p]-s/
English ornament on coffin

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 檜 檜
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 5499 5519
Phonetic
component
會 會
Rime
group
蓋 月
Rime
subdivision
3 3
Corresponding
MC rime
儈 括
Old
Chinese
/*koːbs/ /*koːd/

Definitions

檜

  1. Chinese juniper

Synonyms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character 檜
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 泰 (26)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古外切
Baxter kwajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kuɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwajH/
Li
Rong
/kuɑiH/
Wang
Li
/kuɑiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kuɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gui3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 檜
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guì
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁ[o][p]-s/
English ornament on coffin

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 檜
Reading # 1/2
No. 5499
Phonetic
component
會
Rime
group
蓋
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
儈
Old
Chinese
/*koːbs/

Definitions

檜

  1. Used in personal names.
    秦檜/秦桧  ―  Qín Huì  ―  Qin Hui
Usage notes
  • Its use in personal names is now rare because of Qin Hui (1090-1155), a chancellor of the Southern Song who is widely regarded and condemned as a traitor to the Chinese people for his part in the persecution and execution of his political enemy, Yue Fei, a general who fought for the Song against the Jin dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars.

Japanese

Shinjitai

桧

Kyūjitai

檜

Kanji

檜

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 桧)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

檜 (hinoki): a large Japanese cypress in Daichiji temple in Gifu City.
Kanji in this term
檜
ひのき
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
桧 (shinjitai)
檜木

Originally a compound of 檜 (hi, “Japanese cypress”, see below) +‎ の (no, attributive particle) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”).[1][2]

The wood and bark was commonly used as tinder, and the term was previously thought to be from 火 (hi, “fire”) +‎ の (no, attributive particle) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”). However, later research into ancient kana usage in Old Japanese revealed that 檜 had a reading of ⟨pi1⟩, while 火 was read as ⟨pi2⟩, ruling out this derivation.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

檜(ひのき) or 檜(ヒノキ) • (hinoki) 

  1. Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)
Usage notes
Derived terms
Descendants
  • → English: hinoki

Proper noun

檜(ひのき) • (Hinoki) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
檜
ひ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

⟨pi1⟩ → */pʲi/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/

From Old Japanese 檜 (pi1),[5][2][6] from Proto-Japonic *pi. Cognate with Okinawan 檜 (finuchi, < *pinoki).

First appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[5][6]

Noun

檜(ひ) • (hi) 

  1. (archaic, or in compounds) Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)
Derived terms

References

  1. “檜・檜木”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  4. Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
  5. “檜”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  6. “檜”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

Korean

Hanja

檜 • (hoe, gwal) (hangeul 회, 괄, revised hoe, gwal, McCune–Reischauer hoe, kwal, Yale hoy, kwal)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

See also

Old Japanese

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *pi. Cognate with Okinawan 檜 (finuchi, < *pinoki).

Noun

檜 (pi1) (kana ひ)

  1. Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)
    • 711–712, Kojiki, poem 100:
      ...麻紀佐久比能美加度...
      ...maki2 saku pi1 no mi1kado1...
      ...this wooded palace of flourishing cypresses...

Descendants

  • Japanese: 檜 (hi, hinoki)

Vietnamese

Han character

檜: Hán Nôm readings: cối

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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