犢

See also: 犊
犢 U+72A2, 犢
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72A2
← 犡
[U+72A1]
CJK Unified Ideographs 犣 →
[U+72A3]

Translingual

Traditional 犢
Shinjitai
(extended)
㸿
Simplified 犊

Han character

犢 (Kangxi radical 93, 牛+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 竹手土田金 (HQGWC), four-corner 24586, composition ⿰牜賣 or ⿰牜𧶠)

  1. calf
  2. victim of sacrifice

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 704, character 38
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20196
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1117, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1821, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+72A2

Chinese

trad. 犢
simp. 犊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 犢
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 牛 (“ox”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *luk (“sheep”) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with 羭 (OC *lo, “sheep”), Tibetan ལུག (lug, “sheep”).

Other etymologies have been proposed:

  • Boodberg (1937) relates it to Tibetan ཕྲུག (phrug, “calf”), which Schuessler (2007) deems unlikely.
  • Norman (1988) suggests that it may be a loan from Mongolic or Tungusic; compare Mongolian ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯ (tuɣul, “calf”), Manchu ᡨᡠᡴᡧᠠᠨ (tukšan, “calf”). This is an unlikely etymology due to recent developments in the reconstruction of Old Chinese, where *l- (rather than older reconstructions with *d-) would be a poor match for Mongolic/Tungusic t-, as well as new archaeological evidence suggesting that the word is likely older than previously assumed (Miyake, 2017; Cao, 2021).
  • It could also be related to 畜 (OC *l̥ʰuɡs, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ, “to nourish; domestic animal”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character 犢
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 屋 (3)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒谷切
Baxter duwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/duk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/duk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/duk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dəwk̚/
Li
Rong
/duk̚/
Wang
Li
/duk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱuk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
duk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 犢
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dú
Middle
Chinese
‹ duwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁok/
English calf

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 犢
Reading # 1/1
No. 16050
Phonetic
component
𧶠
Rime
group
屋
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
獨
Old
Chinese
/*l'oːɡ/

Definitions

犢

  1. calf (young cow or bull)
  2. a surname

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 乳犢/乳犊
  • 佩犢/佩犊
  • 健犢/健犊
  • 初生之犢/初生之犊 (chūshēngzhīdú)
  • 初生犢兒/初生犊儿
  • 叱犢/叱犊
  • 孤犢/孤犊
  • 孤犢觸乳/孤犊触乳
  • 帶牛佩犢/带牛佩犊
  • 帶犢/带犊
  • 快犢破車/快犊破车
  • 抱犢/抱犊
  • 抱犢山/抱犊山
  • 揜麛取犢/揜麛取犊
  • 斑犢/斑犊
  • 曬犢鼻/晒犊鼻
  • 栗犢/栗犊
  • 毛犢/毛犊
  • 牛犢/牛犊 (niúdú)
  • 牛犢子/牛犊子 (niúdúzi)
  • 牧犢/牧犊
  • 牧犢子/牧犊子
  • 牲犢/牲犊
  • 犢兒/犊儿
  • 犢子/犊子 (dúzi)
  • 犢廬/犊庐
  • 犢木子/犊木子
  • 犢沐子/犊沐子
  • 犢牛/犊牛
  • 犢牧採薪/犊牧采薪
  • 犢衣/犊衣
  • 犢褌/犊裈
  • 犢角繭/犊角茧
  • 犢車/犊车
  • 犢車麈尾/犊车麈尾
  • 犢鼻/犊鼻
  • 犢鼻褌/犊鼻裈
  • 犢鼻騧/犊鼻䯄
  • 留犢/留犊
  • 白犢/白犊
  • 短犢/短犊
  • 禽犢/禽犊
  • 禽犢之愛/禽犊之爱
  • 繭栗犢/茧栗犊
  • 繭犢/茧犊
  • 羔犢/羔犊
  • 老牛舐犢/老牛舐犊
  • 耕犢/耕犊
  • 聊曬犢褌/聊晒犊裈
  • 舐犢/舐犊
  • 舐犢之愛/舐犊之爱
  • 舐犢情深/舐犊情深 (shìdúqíngshēn)
  • 護犢子/护犊子
  • 豚犢/豚犊
  • 買犢賣刀/买犊卖刀
  • 賣刀買犢/卖刀买犊
  • 賣劍買犢/卖剑买犊
  • 賣犢買刀/卖犊买刀
  • 踦犢/踦犊
  • 金犢/金犊
  • 青犢/青犊
  • 飲犢上流/饮犊上流
  • 駒犢/驹犊
  • 騂犢/骍犊
  • 鳴犢/鸣犊
  • 黃犢/黄犊
  • 黃犢舍/黄犊舍
  • 黑犢/黑犊
  • 黝犢/黝犊

Japanese

Shinjitai
(extended)

㸿

Kyūjitai

犢

Kanji

犢

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 㸿)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

犢 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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