谷

谷 (Kangxi radical 150, 谷+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 金人口 (COR), four-corner 8060₈, composition ⿳八人口)

1. Kangxi radical #150, ⾕.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/谷
• 俗, 𠗖, 唂, 﨏, 峪, 𢂲, 𢓾, 𪫹, 浴, 𤞞, 䧍, 逧, 𣃺, 㭲, 焀, 𤥫, 𥙿, 𦛱, 𭻗, 䀰, 硲, 𥪉, 裕, 綌(绤), 䎥, 𮎐, 𧋉, 𧣳, 䛦, 䞱, 𨁖, 輍, 鋊, 𮓧, 𩣥, 𬴒, 𩷝, 𪁴, 𪑌
• 𭃣, 卻, 郤, 𢼽, 欲, 㞃, 𤭏, 𣍂, 𬢗, 𨿜, 鵒(鹆), 𭆮, 𣴲, 𪚡, 容, 𭖦, 𫈅, 𫨊, 𪊿, 䘱

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1189, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36182
• Dae Jaweon: page 1652, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3902, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8C37

Historical forms of the character 谷
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) — valley (口) in between two mountains.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kl(j)u(ŋ/k) (“river; gorge”). Cognate with Tibetan ལྗོངས (ljongs), Tibetan ཀླུང (klung) and Tibetan ལུང་པ (lung pa).

谷

1. valley; gorge; ravine

   • 孔明棄車步行。忽到一山，望見一谷，形如長蛇，皆危峭石壁，並無樹木。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     孔明弃车步行。忽到一山，望见一谷，形如长蛇，皆危峭石壁，并无树木。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14^th century CE

     Kǒng Míng qì chē bùxíng. Hū dào yī shān, wàngjiàn yī gǔ, xíng rú cháng shé, jiē wēiqiào shíbì, bìng wú shùmù. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. river or stream between two mountains; (in general) stream or river

   • 夫山居而谷汲者，膢臘而相遺以水。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫山居而谷汲者，𦝼腊而相遗以水。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Han Feizi, circa 2^nd century BCE

     Fū shān jū ér gǔ jí zhě, lóulà ér xiàng wèi yǐ shuǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. (figurative) difficult position; predicament

   進退維谷／进退维谷  ―  jìntuìwéigǔ  ―  to be caught between a rock and a hard place

4. a surname

   谷愛凌／谷爱凌  ―  Gǔ Àilíng  ―  Eileen Gu

谷 (Cantonese)

1. to pressure
2. to hasten; to boost
3. to cause to swell by pressuring
4. to hold back or conceal negative emotions or feelings

From English group. Doublet of group.

谷

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, social media, Internet slang) group (Classifier: 個／个 c)

• 群組／群组 (qúnzǔ)

谷

1. Only used in 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún, “Tuyuhun: name of an ancient nomadic people in northwestern China”) and 谷渾／谷浑 (Yùhún, “surname”).

谷

1. Only used in 谷蠡王 (lùlíwáng) and 谷蠡 (lùlí, “title for Xiongnu officials”).

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. valley
2. lowland, plain

From Middle Chinese 谷 (MC kuwk, “valley, gorge”):

• Go-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
• Kun: たに (tani, 谷, Jōyō); きわまる (kiwamaru, 谷まる)^{←きはまる (kifamaru, 谷まる, historical)}; や (ya, 谷); やつ (yatsu, 谷)
• Nanori: ひろ (hiro)

From Middle Chinese 谷 (MC yowk), as in 吐谷渾 (Toyokukon, “Tuyuhun”):

• Go-on: よく (yoku)
• Kan-on: よく (yoku)

From Middle Chinese 谷 (MC luwk), as in 谷蠡 (Rokuri):

• Go-on: ろく (roku)
• Kan-on: ろく (roku)

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tani. Possibly cognate with Goguryeo *旦 (*tan, “valley”).[1]

• (Tokyo) たに​ [tàníꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2]
• IPA^(key): [ta̠ɲ̟i]

谷(たに) • (tani) 

1. a valley (elongated depression between hills or mountains)
2. a trough (low portion of a wave cycle)
3. an intersection of two receding roof slopes

谷(たに) • (Tani) 

1. a surname

谷(やつ) • (yatsu) 

1. a low-lying wetland
2. a valley

Possibly a shift from yatsu above.

谷(や) • (ya) 

1. a valley

Variant shift from yatsu above.

谷(やち) • (yachi) 

1. (regional) Same as やつ (yatsu) above

Another variant shift from yatsu above.

谷(やと) • (yato) 

1. Same as やつ (yatsu) above

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

谷(さこ) • (sako) 

1. (regional, especially Kansai) a small valley

From Middle Chinese 谷 (MC kuwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 곡 (kwok) (Yale: kwok) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource 谷 (eumhun 골 곡 (gol gok))

1. Hanja form^? of 곡 (“valley”).

From Middle Chinese 谷 (MC yowk). Recorded as Middle Korean 욕〮 (yók) (Yale: yok) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

谷 (eumhun 나라 이름 욕 (nara ireum yok))

1. (historical) Hanja form^? of 욕 (“Only used in 토욕혼 (吐谷渾, toyokhon, “Tuyuhun: name of an ancient nomadic people in northwestern China”)”).

From Middle Chinese 谷 (MC luwk). Recorded as Middle Korean 록〮 (Yale: lwok) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

谷 (eumhun 벼슬 이름 록 (byeoseul ireum rok), South Korea 벼슬 이름 녹 (byeoseul ireum nok))

1. (historical) Hanja form^? of 록/녹 (“Only used in 녹려 (谷蠡, nongnyeo, title for Xiongnu officials)”).

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

谷: Hán Nôm readings: cốc, góc, hốc, dục, thung, lủng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.