軸

See also: 轴
軸 U+8EF8, 軸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8EF8
← 軷
[U+8EF7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 軹 →
[U+8EF9]

Translingual

Han character

軸 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十十中田 (JJLW), four-corner 55060, composition ⿰車由)

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1242, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38269
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1718, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3520, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+8EF8

Chinese
trad. 軸
simp. 轴

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (由) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
袖 *ljɯwɢs
岫 *ljɯwɢs
牰 *ljɯwɢs, *lɯwɢs
抽 *l̥ʰɯw
妯 *l̥ʰɯw, *l'ɯwɢ
紬 *l'ɯw
怞 *l'ɯw
鮋 *l'ɯw, *ɦljɯw, *lɯw
菗 *rlɯw
宙 *l'ɯwɢs
胄 *l'ɯwɢs
冑 *l'ɯwɢs
伷 *l'ɯwɢs
駎 *l'ɯwɢs
油 *lɯw, *lɯwɢs
由 *lɯw
蚰 *lɯw
秞 *lɯw
邮 *lɯw
釉 *lɯwɢs
柚 *lɯwɢs, *l'ɯwɢ
鼬 *lɯwɢs
苖 *l'ɯːwɢ, *l̥ʰɯwɢ
笛 *l'ɯːwɢ
迪 *l'ɯːwɢ
頔 *l'ɯːwɢ
軸 *l'ɯwɢ
舳 *l'ɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯwɢ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 車 (“cart, carriage”) + phonetic 由 (OC *lɯw, “to pass through”) — the axle that passes through a cartwheel.

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • te̍k - vernacular (“large, oblong banner of silk”);
    • tia̍k - vernacular;
    • tio̍k - literary (“large, oblong banner of silk (Zhangzhou)”).
Rime
Character 軸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 直六切
Baxter drjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɖɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɖiuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȡiuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɖuwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ȡiuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ȡĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȡʱi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhú
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zuk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 軸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhóu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ drjuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*lruk/
English wheel-axle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 軸
Reading # 1/1
No. 15541
Phonetic
component		 由
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 逐
Old
Chinese		 /*l'ɯwɢ/

Definitions

軸

  1. axle; axletree
  2. pivot
  3. axis
  4. spool; roller
  5. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Teochew) large, oblong banner of silk carrying an appropriate message (usually for funerals) (Classifier: 幅 mn mn-t)
  6. switch (of a keyboard key)
    See also: 鍵軸
    Cherry MX軸／Cherry MX轴  ―  Cherry MX zhóu  ―  Cherry MX switch
  7. Classifier for rolled-up things.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 幛子 (“oblong banner of silk carrying a message”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 幛子
Cantonese Guangzhou 幛
Southern Min Xiamen 軸
Quanzhou 軸布
Zhangzhou 軸
Tainan 軸

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

軸

  1. (theater, opera) last item on a theatrical performance

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
軸

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. axis
  2. pivot

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
軸
じく
Grade: S
on’yomi

Derived from Middle Chinese 軸 (MC drjuwk).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) じく​ [jìkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑikɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

軸(じく) • (jiku) ←ぢく (diku)?

  1. axis
    片足(かたあし)を軸(じく)にして回(まわ)る
    kataashi o jiku ni shite mawaru
    to spin on one foot
    (literally, “to spin with one foot as an axis”)

Counter

軸(じく) • (-jiku) ←ぢく (diku)?

  1. things wrapped about a central rod- scrolls, rolls of material, also yarn balls
  2. central axes
  3. favoured horses

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

軸 • (chuk) (hangeul 축)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

軸: Hán Nôm readings: trục

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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