上黨

See also: 上党

Chinese

		up; on; on top up; on; on top; upon; first; previous or last; upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; to go up	party; association; club party; association; club; society
trad. (上黨)		上	黨
simp. (上党)		上	党

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Shàngdǎng

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄤˋ ㄉㄤˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng⁶ dong²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Shàngdǎng
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄤˋ ㄉㄤˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Shàngdǎng
  - Wade–Giles: Shang⁴-tang³
  - Yale: Shàng-dǎng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shanqdaang
  - Palladius: Шандан (Šandan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: soeng⁶ dong²
  - Yale: seuhng dóng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soeng⁶ dong²
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêng⁶ dong²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ²² tɔːŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: dzyangX|dzyangH tangX

Rime
Character	上	上	黨
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	常 (25)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)	唐 (101)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I
Fanqie	時掌切	時亮切	多朗切
Baxter	dzyangX	dzyangH	tangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑɨɐŋ^X/	/d͡ʑɨɐŋ^H/	/tɑŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɐŋ^X/	/d͡ʑiɐŋ^H/	/tɑŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiɑŋ^X/	/d͡ʑiɑŋ^H/	/tɑŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑɨaŋ^X/	/d͡ʑɨaŋ^H/	/taŋ^X/
Li Rong	/ʑiaŋ^X/	/ʑiaŋ^H/	/tɑŋ^X/
Wang Li	/ʑĭaŋ^X/	/ʑĭaŋ^H/	/tɑŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯aŋ^X/	/ʑi̯aŋ^H/	/tɑŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shàng	shàng	dǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng⁶	soeng⁶	dong²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə-daŋʔ|m-daŋʔ|daŋʔ-s tˤaŋʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*djaŋʔ|djaŋs taːŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	上	上	上	黨
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shàng	shàng	shàng	dǎng
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyang^X ›	‹ dzyang^X ›	‹ dzyang^H ›	‹ tang^X ›
Old Chinese	/*Cə-daŋʔ/	/*m-daŋʔ/	/*daŋʔ-s/	/*tˁaŋʔ/
English	ascend	to put up	top, above (n.)	500 families; relatives
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	上	上	黨
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/2
No.	11102	11103	11113
Phonetic component	上	上	尚
Rime group	陽	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	上	尚	黨
Old Chinese	/*djaŋʔ/	/*djaŋs/	/*taːŋʔ/

Proper noun

上黨

(～區) Shangdang (a district of Changzhi, Shanxi, China)
(historical) (～郡) Shangdang (a historical commandery of China)

Further reading

Luo, Guanzhong (14th century) Annotated Romance of the Three Kingdoms/Chapter 5, page 69, note 13 (in Mandarin), published 1994, →ISBN

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