亮

See also: 𠅙
亮 U+4EAE, 亮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EAE
← 亭
[U+4EAD]
CJK Unified Ideographs 亯 →
[U+4EAF]
亮 U+F977, 亮
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F977
← 略
[U+F976]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs 兩 →
[U+F978]

Translingual

Stroke order (Mainland China)
9 strokes

Alternative forms

Han character

亮 (Kangxi radical 8, 亠+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜口月山 (YRBU), four-corner 00217, composition ⿳亠口冗 or ⿱⿳亠口冖几(G) or ⿱⿳亠口冖儿(HTJK or U+F977))

Derived characters

  • 𬾻, 喨, 湸, 𫮌, 𫱍, 𢝋, 𪱧, 𭦾, 𪳄, 煷, 𤦻, 𭿏, 𮎝, 𮖞, 𭀴, 𭧓, 𮛽, 𨩎, 𭿧, 𩹗

References

Chinese

trad. 亮
simp. # 亮
alternative forms 𠅙

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 亮




References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *raŋs) : semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 京 (OC *kraŋ, “building; tower”).

Etymology

Part of an Austroasiatic word family; compare Khmer [script needed] (-rāṃṅa, “to be light; to be bright”) (Schuessler, 2007), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *raaŋʔ (“light; to shine”); as well as:

  • ស្រាំង (srang, “to be pale; to be colourless”) with 爽 (OC *sraŋʔ),
  • [script needed] (brāṅa, “to grow light (after dark)”) with 炳 (OC *praŋʔ).
  • បំព្រាង (bɑmpriəng, “to shed a pale light”) with 明 (OC *mraŋ).

Alternatively, STEDT compares it to Proto-Kuki-Chin *klaaŋ-I, *klaan-II (“to shine; light; bright”).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
    • liāng - colloquial;
    • liōng - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 亮
Mandarin Beijing /liɑŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /liaŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /liɑŋ⁵³/
Jinan /liaŋ²¹/
Qingdao /liaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /liaŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /liaŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /liɔ̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /liɑŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /liɑ̃¹³/
Ürümqi /liɑŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /niaŋ³⁵/
Chengdu /niaŋ¹³/
Guiyang /niaŋ²¹³/
Kunming /liã̠²¹²/
Nanjing /liaŋ⁴⁴/
Hefei /liɑ̃⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /liɒ̃⁴⁵/
Pingyao /liɑŋ³⁵/
/luə³⁵/
Hohhot /liɑ̃⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /liã²³/
Suzhou /liã³¹/
Hangzhou /liɑŋ¹³/
Wenzhou /li²²/
Hui Shexian /lia²²/
Tunxi /liau¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /lian⁵⁵/
/lian¹¹/
Xiangtan /nian²¹/
Gan Nanchang /liɔŋ²¹/
Hakka Meixian /lioŋ⁵³/
Taoyuan /lioŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lœŋ²²/
Nanning /lœŋ²²/
Hong Kong /lœŋ²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liɔŋ²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /luɔŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /liɔŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /liaŋ³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /liaŋ³⁵/

Rime
Character 亮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力讓切
Baxter ljangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/lɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/liɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/liɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lɨaŋH/
Li
Rong
/liaŋH/
Wang
Li
/lĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/li̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
liàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
loeng6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 亮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
liàng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ljangH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[r]aŋ-s/
English brightness

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 亮
Reading # 1/1
No. 8062
Phonetic
component
亮
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
亮
Old
Chinese
/*raŋs/

Definitions

亮

  1. bright; brilliant; radiant
  2. loud and clear
  3. (dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Wu, Xiang) lamp; light
  4. to shine; to illuminate
    ^亮^島/^亮^岛 [Eastern Min]  ―  Liông-dō̤ / [l̃uoŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ (t-)no³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  Liang Island, Beigan, Lienchiang (Matsu), ROC (Taiwan)
  5. (neologism) to be the highlight; to be epic
  6. to make one's voice loud and clear; to raise one's voice
  7. to reveal; to disclose
  8. a surname

Synonyms

  • (loud and clear):

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

亮

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. clear
  2. help

Readings

Compounds

Proper noun

亮(りょう) • (Ryō) ←りやう (ryau)?

  1. a male given name

亮(あきら) • (Akira) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

亮 (eum 량 (ryang))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

亮: Hán Nôm readings: lượng, lương

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.