桐

桐 U+6850, 桐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6850
← 桏
[U+684F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 桑 →
[U+6851]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

桐 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 木月一口 (DBMR), four-corner 47920, composition ⿰木同)

Derived characters
  • 𫈷

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 525, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14770
  • Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1198, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6850

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 桐

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (同) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鮦 *duʔ, *doːŋ, *doŋʔ
侗 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
恫 *tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs
痌 *tʰoːŋ
同 *doːŋ
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
銅 *doːŋ
桐 *doːŋ
峒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
硐 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
筒 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
洞 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
烔 *doːŋ
挏 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
酮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
鲖
眮 *doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
衕 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
哃 *doːŋ
絧 *doːŋ, *doːŋs
姛 *doːŋʔ
詷 *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
胴 *doːŋs
駧 *doːŋs
迵 *doːŋs
戙 *doːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *doːŋ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 同 (OC *doːŋ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • tông - literary;
  • tâng/thâng - vernacular.
    Note:
    • tong5 - literary;
    • tang5 - vernacular.
      • Wu
        • (Shanghai):
          • Wugniu: 6don
          • MiniDict: don去
          • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3don
          • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /doŋ²³/
Rime
Character 桐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒紅切
Baxter duwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /duŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /duŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /duŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dəwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /duŋ/
Wang
Li		 /duŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 tung4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 桐
Reading # 1/1
No. 12449
Phonetic
component		 同
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 同
Old
Chinese		 /*doːŋ/

Definitions

桐

  1. various trees related to the tung tree (now distinguished as oil-tung 油桐), particularly paulownia
  2. a surname

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji
桐

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. paulownia

Readings

Compounds
Compounds
  • 桐城派(とうじょうは) (Tōjō-ha)
  • 桐塑(とうそ) (tōso)
  • 桐油(とうゆ) (tōyu)
  • 梧桐(ごとう) (gotō)
  • 高桐院(こうとういん) (Kōtōin)
  • 糸桐(しとう) (shitō)
  • 海桐(とべら), 海桐花(とべら) (tobera)

Etymology
Kanji in this term
桐
きり
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. The tree may have been imported from China prior to the Nara period.[1]

The term might be from 切り (kiri, “cutting”), from the way that the tree is quick to send out shoots after being cut.[2]

Some sources[2] also speculate that this might be from some term 木理 (*kiri, “wood grain”) in reference to the desirable grain of this wood. However, 木理 is only attested with the reading mokuri, not kiri; also, the term is not attested until the 1830s, before which the Japanese terms for wood grain were 木目 (mokume, from the mid-1500s) or 木目 (kime, from the 1200s).

Pronunciation

Noun

桐(きり) or 桐(キリ) • (kiri) 

  1. [from 700s] the paulownia tree, Paulownia tomentosa
    Hypernym: 胡麻の葉草 (goma no hagusa)
  2. [date uncertain] a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of paulownia flowers and leaves
  3. [from 1781] (card games) the paulownia suit in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of December
    Hyponym: 桐に鳳凰 (kiri ni hōō)
    Coordinate terms: 松, 梅, 桜, 藤, 菖蒲, 牡丹, 萩, 芒, 菊, 紅葉, 柳, 桐
  4. [from 1798] (colloquial) a koto (Japanese zither)
    from the wood of the paulownia used as the soundboard
    Synonym: 琴 (koto)
  5. [from 1815] (colloquial) money, especially gold coins such as the 大判 (ōban) and the 小判 (koban)
    from the markings of paulownia crests on the coins

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 桐麻(きりあさ) (kiriasa)
  • 桐(きり)油(あぶら) (kiri abura)
  • 桐紙(きりがみ) (kirigami)
  • 桐(きり)ヶ谷(やつ) (kirigayatsu)
  • 桐崎(きりさき) (Kirisaki)
  • 桐高(きりたか) (Kiritaka)
  • 桐竹(きりたけ) (kiritake)
  • 桐壺(きりつぼ) (Kiritsubo)
  • 桐(きり)に鳳凰(ほうおう) (kiri ni hōō)
  • 桐(きり)野(の) (Kirino)
  • 桐(きり)の木(き)炭(ずみ) (kiri no kizumi)
  • 桐(きり)の薹(とう) (kiri no tō)
  • 桐(きり)畑(ばたけ) (kiribatake)
  • 桐原(きりはら) (Kirihara)
  • 桐(きり)火(ひ)桶(おけ) (kiri hioke)
  • 桐(きり)油(ゆ) (kiriyu)
  • 桐生(きりゅう) (Kiryū)
  • 青桐(あおぎり) (aogiri)
  • 秋桐(あきぎり) (akigiri)
  • 油(あぶら)桐(ぎり) (aburagiri)
  • 飯桐(いいぎり), 椅(いいぎり) (iigiri)
  • 犬桐(いぬぎり) (inugiri)
  • 岩桐(いわぎり)草(そう) (iwagirisō)
  • 大(おお)内(うち)桐(ぎり) (ōuchi-giri)
  • 片桐(かたぎり) (Katagiri)
  • 菊桐(きくきり) (kikukiri)
  • 臭桐(くさぎり) (kusagiri)
  • 五三(ごさん)の桐(きり) (gosan no kiri)
  • 五(ご)七(しち)の桐(きり) (goshichi no kiri)
  • 三方(さんぼう)桐(ぎり) (sanbō-giri)
  • 縞桐(しまぎり) (shimagiri)
  • 総桐(そうぎり) (sōgiri)
  • 太閤(たいこう)桐(ぎり) (taikō-giri)
  • 唐桐(とうぎり) (tōgiri)
  • 蓮(はすの)葉(は)桐(ギリ), 蓮(はす)の葉(は)桐(ぎり) (hasu no ha-giri)
  • 針桐(はりぎり) (harigiri)
  • 緋(ひ)桐(ぎり) (higiri)
  • 前桐(まえぎり) (maegiri)
  • 山桐(やまぎり) (yamagiri)
  • 焼(や)き桐(ぎり) (yakigiri)

Idioms
  • 桐(きり)一(ひと)葉(は) (kiri hitoha)

Proper noun

桐(きり) • (Kiri) 

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

References
  1. “桐”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. 桐 at Nihon Jiten (in Japanese)
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

桐 (eumhun 오동나무 동 (odongnamu dong))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Tày

Han character

桐 (transliteration needed)

  1. Nôm form of toòng.

References
  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

桐: Hán Nôm readings: đồng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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