筋

See also: 觔
筋 U+7B4B, 筋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B4B
← 筊
[U+7B4A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 筌 →
[U+7B4C]

Translingual

Han character

筋 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹月大尸 (HBKS), four-corner 88227, composition ⿱𥫗肋)

Derived characters
  • 𤯸

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 882, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25994
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1311, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2968, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7B4B

Chinese
trad. 筋
simp. # 筋
alternative forms 觔／斤

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 筋
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 竹 (“bamboo”) + 𠛧 (“peel”) – sinew (bamboo is sinewy when peeled). The component 力 is a corruption of 刀 (刂).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • geng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
  • gêng1 - Jieyang;
  • ging1 - Chaoyang.
    • Wu
      • (Shanghai):
        • Wugniu: 1cin
        • MiniDict: cin平
        • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 1jin
        • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵³/
Rime
Character 筋
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舉欣切
Baxter kj+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɨn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kɨn/
Li
Rong		 /kiən/
Wang
Li		 /kĭən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 筋
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jīn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjɨn ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.[k]ə[n]/
English sinew

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 筋
Reading # 1/1
No. 6727
Phonetic
component		 筋
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 斤
Old
Chinese		 /*kɯn/
Notes 俗作䈥

Definitions

筋

  1. (anatomy) tendon; sinew
    我好鍾意食牛筋丸。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我好钟意食牛筋丸。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 hou2 zung1 ji3 sik6 ngau4 gan1 jyun2. [Jyutping]
    I like to eat beef tendon meatballs.
  2. (anatomy) muscle
  3. (anatomy) vein that stands out on the skin; prominent superficial vein
  4. (by extension) anything resembling a sinew or vein, such as chopsticks
    貴者飯以筋不匙，賤者搏之而食。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    贵者饭以筋不匙，贱者搏之而食。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: Tang Dynasty, Fan Chuo, Manshu, chapter 8, part 4
    Guìzhě fàn yǐ jīn bù chí, jiànzhě bó zhī ér shí. [Pinyin]
    The wealthy eat with chopsticks and do not use spoons, whereas the commoners eat with their hands.
  5. a surname: Jin

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
筋

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. muscle, tendon
  2. vein, artery
  3. reason, logic
  4. plot, storyline
  5. counter for long thin things; counter for roads or blocks when giving directions
  6. lineage, descent

Readings

Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
筋
すじ
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *suntuy ~ *sunti.

Possibly a compound of す (*su, unknown, possibly the same source as 脛 (sune, “shin”)) + 霊, 血, 乳 (chi, “life essence, spirit, power; blood; milk”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

Noun

筋(すじ) • (suji) ←すぢ (sudi)?

  1. muscle
  2. tendon
  3. have an aptitude
    筋(すじ)がいい人(ひと)
    suji ga ii hito
    a man of aptitude
  4. vein
    みかんの白(しろ)い筋(すじ)
    mikan no shiroi suji
    the white stringy pith of an orange
  5. (usually in place names) road

See also

Counter

筋(すじ) • (-suji) ←すぢ (sudi)?

  1. Counter for long, thin things.
    一(ひと)筋(すじ)の光(ひかり)
    hitosuji no hikari
    a single ray of light

References
  1. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

筋 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

筋: Hán Nôm readings: cân, gân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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