莞爾

Chinese
smile
 
thus; so; like that
thus; so; like that; you; thou
trad. (莞爾) 莞 爾
simp. (莞尔) 莞 尔

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 莞 爾
Reading # 3/3 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 刪 (70) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division (等) II III
Fanqie 戸板切 兒氏切
Baxter hwaenX nyeX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠuanX/ /ȵiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚanX/ /ȵiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuɐnX/ /ȵʑjɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwaɨnX/ /ȵiə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuanX/ /ȵieX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣwanX/ /ȵʑǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣwanX/ /ȵʑie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 huàn ěr
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 waan6 ji5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 爾
Reading # 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 ěr
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyeX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*n[ə][r]ʔ/
English (adv. suffix)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 莞 爾
Reading # 3/3 1/1
No. 16140 2817
Phonetic
component		 元 爾
Rime
group		 元 歌
Rime
subdivision		 3 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 睆 爾
Old
Chinese		 /*ɦŋroːnʔ/ /*njelʔ/
Notes 說文尒聲，甲金文象檷初文，
取林義光說

Adjective

莞爾

  1. (literary) smiling
    莞爾一笑／莞尔一笑  ―  wǎn'ěryīxiào  ―  give a soft smile

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (莞爾):
  • → Japanese: 莞(かん)爾(じ) (kanji)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
莞 爾
かん
Jinmeiyō		 じ
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Adjective

莞(かん)爾(じ) • (kanji) †-tari (adnominal 莞(かん)爾(じ)とした (kanji to shita) or 莞(かん)爾(じ)たる (kanji taru), adverbial 莞(かん)爾(じ)と (kanji to) or 莞(かん)爾(じ)として (kanji to shite))

  1. smiling
    Synonyms: にっこり (nikkori), 微笑み (hohoemi)
    莞(かん)爾(じ)として笑(わら)う
    kanji to shite warau
    to smile cheerfully, to beam with a smile

Inflection
Classical conjugation of "莞爾たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 莞爾たらかんじたらkanzitara
Continuative (連用形) 莞爾と[1]
莞爾たり[2]		かんじと
かんじたり		kanzito
kanzitari
Terminal (終止形) 莞爾たりかんじたりkanzitari
Attributive (連体形) 莞爾たるかんじたるkanzitaru
Realis (已然形) 莞爾たれかんじたれkanzitare
Imperative (命令形) 莞爾たれかんじたれkanzitare
Key constructions
Negative 莞爾たらずかんじたらずkanzitarazu
Contrasting conjunction 莞爾たれどかんじたれどkanzitaredo
Causal conjunction 莞爾たればかんじたればkanzitareba
Conditional conjunction 莞爾たらばかんじたらばkanzitaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 莞爾たりきかんじたりきkanzitariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 莞爾たりけりかんじたりけりkanzitarikeri
Adverbial 莞爾とかんじとkanzito
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  3. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.