訥

See also: 讷

訥	U+8A25, 訥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A25

← 訤
[U+8A24]

CJK Unified Ideographs

訦 →
[U+8A26]

Translingual

Han character

訥 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人月 (YROB), four-corner 0462₇, composition ⿰訁內)

slow of speech
mumble
stammer

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1150, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35274

Dae Jaweon: page 1617, character 7

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3946, character 4

Unihan data for U+8A25

Chinese

trad.		訥
simp.		讷
alternative forms		吶／呐㕯

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (內) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
妠	nuːms, nuːb, *rnoːd
內	*nuːbs
笍	tnobs, njobs
芮	*njobs
枘	*njobs
汭	*njobs
鈉	*njobs
蜹	njobs, lobs, *njod
抐	nuːns, nuːd
納	*nuːb
衲	*nuːb
魶	nuːb, noːb
軜	*nuːb
蒳	*nuːb
豽	*rnuːd
肭	rnuːd, nuːd, *nuɡ
吶	*nod
焫	*njod
訥	*nuːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuːd) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 內 (OC *nuːbs, “inside”)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): nè, nà (ne⁴, na⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄜˋ, ㄋㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): neot⁶, nat⁶, naap⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lu̍t
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁸neq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nè
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nè
  - Wade–Giles: nê⁴
  - Yale: nè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neh
  - Palladius: нэ (nɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: nà
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: nà
  - Wade–Giles: na⁴
  - Yale: nà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nah
  - Palladius: на (na)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nä⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: neot⁶, nat⁶, naap⁶
  - Yale: neuht, naht, naahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: noet⁹, nat⁹, naap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: nêd⁶, ned⁶, nab⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɵt̚²/, /nɐt̚²/, /naːp̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: lu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lut
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lut̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lut̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lut̚⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁸neq
  - MiniDict: neh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵neq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nəʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: nwot

Rime
Character	訥
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	沒 (56)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	内骨切
Baxter	nwot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nuət̚/
Pan Wuyun	/nuot̚/
Shao Rongfen	/nuət̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nwət̚/
Li Rong	/nuət̚/
Wang Li	/nuət̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/nuət̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	neot⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤut/

(Zhengzhang): /*nuːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	訥
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nè
Middle Chinese	‹ nwot ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁut/
English	slow of speech
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	訥
Reading #	1/1
No.	9404
Phonetic component	內
Rime group	物
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*nuːd/

Definitions

訥

slow of speech; speaking in a clumsy manner
- 大直若屈，大巧若拙，大辯若訥。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  大直若屈，大巧若拙，大辩若讷。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE
  Dà zhí ruò qū, dà qiǎo ruò zhuō, dà biàn ruò nè. [Pinyin]
  The very straight seems bent, the skillful seems stupid, the most rhetorical seems clumsily expressed.
taciturn; speaking little

Usage notes

Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation nà.

Compounds

剛毅木訥／刚毅木讷
口訥／口讷
大辯若訥／大辩若讷
木訥／木讷 (mùnè)
木訥無言／木讷无言
樸訥／朴讷
樸訥誠篤／朴讷诚笃
澀訥／涩讷
訥口／讷口
訥會／讷会 (nèhuì)
訥澀／讷涩

References

“訥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

訥

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: のち (nochi)
Kan-on: どつ (dotsu)
Kan’yō-on: とつ (totsu)
Kun: どもる (domoru, 訥る)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 訥 (MC nwot). Recorded as Middle Korean 눌 (nwul) (Yale: nwul) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 訥 (eumhun 말 더듬을 눌 (mal deodeumeul nul))

Hanja form^? of 눌 (“mumble; stammer”).

Compounds

어눌 (語訥, eonul)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Middle Mongol

Mongolian	ʼPhags-pa	Hanzi
ᠤ	ꡟ	訥

Suffix

訥 (-u)

Hanzi form of ᠤ (-u).

Vietnamese

Han character

訥: Hán Nôm readings: nột, dốt, nói, nốt, nuốt

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