僧

僧 U+50E7, 僧
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50E7
← 僦
[U+50E6]
CJK Unified Ideographs 僨 →
[U+50E8]

僧 U+FA31, 僧
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA31
← 侮
[U+FA30]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs 免 →
[U+FA32]

僧 U+2F80A, 僧
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F80A
← 備
[U+2F809]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 像 →
[U+2F80B]

Translingual

Japanese 僧
Simplified 僧
Traditional 僧

Alternative forms

Note difference between Chinese form, which uses 曾, and Japanese shinjitai which uses 曽. Both forms are encoded under the same codepoint due to Han unification.

Han character

僧 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+12 in Chinese, 人+11 in Japanese, 14 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人金田日 (OCWA), four-corner 28266, composition ⿰亻曾 (GTKV) or ⿰亻曽 (J))

Derived characters

  • 𫣸

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.
僧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 僧
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts



References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sɯːŋ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ) – a kind of person (a Buddhist monk).

Etymology

Clipping of 僧伽 (MC song gja, “sangha; community of monks, nuns, novices and laity”); see there for more.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • sang1 - literary;
  • zang1 - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 僧
Mandarin Beijing /səŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡səŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /səŋ²¹/
Jinan /səŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /səŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /səŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /səŋ²¹/
Xining /sə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /səŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /sə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /sɤŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /sən⁵⁵/
Chengdu /sən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /sen⁵⁵/
Kunming /sə̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /sən³¹/
Hefei /sən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /səŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /səŋ¹³/
Hohhot /sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /səŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /sən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /sen³³/
Wenzhou /saŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /sʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /sɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sən³³/
Xiangtan /t͡sən³³/
Gan Nanchang /sɛn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sen⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sen²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐŋ⁵³/
Nanning /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /sɐŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /siŋ⁵⁵/
/t͡siŋ⁵⁵/ 俗
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sɛiŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡saiŋ⁴⁴/
/saiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡seŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡sɔŋ³³/
/t͡seŋ³³/

Rime
Character 僧
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 登 (129)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇增切
Baxter song
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/səŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/səŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/səŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/səŋ/
Li
Rong
/səŋ/
Wang
Li
/səŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/səŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
sēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sang1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 僧
Reading # 1/1
No. 16628
Phonetic
component
曾
Rime
group
蒸
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
僧
Old
Chinese
/*sɯːŋ/
Notes 梵譯僧伽saṁɡha省稱

Definitions

僧

  1. (Buddhism) monk; bonze
  2. (Buddhism) sangha
  3. (Church of the East, historical) priest
  4. a surname

Synonyms

Compounds

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 僧
Kyūjitai
[1]

僧
僧
or
僧+︀?
僧󠄁
僧+󠄁?
(Adobe-Japan1)
僧󠄅
僧+󠄅?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Glyph origin

Japanese shinjitai form: 僧 (曾 → 曽).

Kanji

僧

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 僧)

  1. Buddhist priest
  2. monk

Readings


Compounds

Etymology

Clipping of 僧伽 (sōgya), borrowed from Sanskrit संघ (saṃgha).[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

僧(そう) • (sō) 

  1. a (Buddhist) priest, bonze

References

  1. “僧”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024
  2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 僧 (MC song).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448스ᇰ (Yale: sùng)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527쥬ᇰ〯 (Yale: cywǔng)스ᇰ (Yale: sùng)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 僧 (eumhun 중 승 (jung seung))

  1. Hanja form? of 승 (“a Buddhist monk”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

僧: Hán Việt readings: tăng (蘇(tô)增(tăng)切(thiết))

  1. (Buddhism) priest, bonze
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