孿

See also: 孪

孿	U+5B7F, 孿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B7F

← 孾
[U+5B7E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

宀 →
[U+5B80]

Translingual

Han character

孿 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+19, 22 strokes, cangjie input 女火弓木 (VFND), four-corner 2240₇, composition ⿱龻子)

twins

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7051
Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1020, character 13
Unihan data for U+5B7F

Chinese

trad.		孿
simp.		孪
alternative forms		㝈

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	b·roːn, b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	b·roːn, b·ron, *b·rons
灓	b·roːn, b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	smroːns, smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	b·ronʔ, b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	pʰlons, klons

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *run. Cognate with Jingpho marun (“to have twins”) (from run (“to be in pairs”)). (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): luán, lüán

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˊ, ㄌㄩㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lyun⁴, syun³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): loân

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: luán
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: luán
  - Wade–Giles: luan²
  - Yale: lwán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luan
  - Palladius: луань (luanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lu̯än³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lüán
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄩㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lyuán
  - Wade–Giles: lüan²
  - Yale: lywán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liuan
  - Palladius: люань (ljuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly̯ɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lyun⁴, syun³
  - Yale: lyùhn, syun
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lyn⁴, syn³
  - Guangdong Romanization: lün⁴, xun³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lyːn²¹/, /syːn³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loân
  - Tâi-lô: luân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: loaan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /luan²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /luan²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /luan¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /luan²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /luan²³/

Middle Chinese: srwaenH, ljwen

Rime
Character	孿	孿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	刪 (70)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	生患切	力員切
Baxter	srwaenH	ljwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠuan^H/	/liuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃʷᵚan^H/	/lʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃuɐn^H/	/ljuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂwaɨn^H/	/lwian/
Li Rong	/ʃuan^H/	/liuɛn/
Wang Li	/ʃwan^H/	/lĭwɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂwan^H/	/li̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuàn	luán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	saan³	lyun⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[s.r]on-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*smroːns/, /*smrons/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	孿	孿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luán	luán
Middle Chinese	‹ srjwen^H ›	‹ srwæn^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.r]on-s/	/*[s.r]on-s/
English	twins	twins
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	孿	孿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	8625	8636
Phonetic component		
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	㝈	𨏉
Old Chinese	/*smroːns/	/*smrons/
Notes	原下從雙子，注或體作此

Definitions

孿

twins

Compounds

孿伴兒／孪伴儿 (luánbànr)
孿子／孪子 (luánzǐ)
孿生／孪生 (luánshēng)
孿生兄弟／孪生兄弟 (luánshēng xiōngdì)
孿生子／孪生子 (luánshēngzǐ)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01004
“孿”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

孿

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

twins

Readings

On (unclassified): さん (san); せん (sen); れん (ren)
Kun: ふたご (futago)

Korean

Hanja

孿 (eum 산 (san))

twins

Vietnamese

Han character

孿: Hán Nôm readings: loan

twins

References

Nom Foundation

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