悼

悼	U+60BC, 悼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60BC

← 悻
[U+60BB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

悽 →
[U+60BD]

Translingual

Han character

悼 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 心卜日十 (PYAJ), four-corner 9104₆, composition ⿰忄卓)

Derived characters

𨄵

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 389, character 13

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10738

Dae Jaweon: page 722, character 18

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2314, character 14

Unihan data for U+60BC

Chinese

simp. and trad.		悼
alternative forms		𠺛𡄒𢛂𣫜𦒺𠺛𡄒𢛂𣫜𦒺𦓃 ⿰忄到

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (卓) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
悼	*deːwɢs
淖	*rneːwɢs
罩	*rteːwɢs
鵫	rteːwɢs, rdeːwɢ
趠	rtʰeːwɢs, rtʰeːwɢ
踔	rtʰeːwɢs, rtʰeːwɢ
棹	*rdeːwɢs
鋽	*tʰeːwɢs
掉	deːwʔ, deːwɢs, *rneːwɢ
逴	tʰewɢ, rtʰeːwɢ
焯	*tjewɢ
綽	*tʰjewɢ
婥	*tʰjewɢ
繛	*tʰjewɢ
卓	*rteːwɢ
桌	*rteːwɢ
倬	*rteːwɢ
啅	*rteːwɢ
晫	rteːwɢ, rtʰeːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deːwɢs) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 卓 (OC *rteːwɢ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dào (dao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dou⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tho
Eastern Min (BUC): dô̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tō͘ / tō

(Teochew, Peng'im): zao⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dào
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dào
  - Wade–Giles: tao⁴
  - Yale: dàu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daw
  - Palladius: дао (dao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dou⁶
  - Yale: douh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: dou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tou̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tho
  - Hakka Romanization System: to
  - Hagfa Pinyim: to⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰo⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dô̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: tōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: do
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tō
  - Tâi-lô: tō
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doi
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /to²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /to³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zao⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sau³⁵/

Middle Chinese: dawH

Rime
Character	悼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒到切
Baxter	dawH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daw^H/
Li Rong	/dɑu^H/
Wang Li	/dɑu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dou⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ˤawk-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*deːwɢs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	悼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dào
Middle Chinese	‹ daw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ˁawk-s/
English	sad; pity
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	悼
Reading #	1/1
No.	17750
Phonetic component	卓
Rime group	豹
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	導
Old Chinese	/*deːwɢs/

Definitions

悼

to mourn; to lament
grieve

Compounds

傷悼／伤悼
哀悼 (āidào)
嗟悼
悼亡
悼亡詩／悼亡诗
悼心失圖／悼心失图
悼念 (dàoniàn)
悲悼 (bēidào)
悼歌 (dàogē)
悼辭／悼辞 (dàocí)
痛悼 (tòngdào)
祭悼
誌悼／志悼
軫悼／轸悼
追悼 (zhuīdào)
追悼會／追悼会 (zhuīdàohuì)
震悼

References

“Query for 悼”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

悼

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

lament

Readings

Go-on: どう (dō)
Kan-on: とう (tō, Jōyō)
Kun: いたむ (itamu, 悼む, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

悼 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

悼: Hán Nôm readings: điệu, xịu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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