橫

See also: 横
橫 U+6A6B, 橫
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A6B
← 橪
[U+6A6A]
CJK Unified Ideographs 橬 →
[U+6A6C]

Translingual

Japanese 横
Simplified 横
Traditional 橫

Han character

橫 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木廿一金 (DTMC) or 難木廿一金 (XDTMC), four-corner 44986, composition ⿰木黃)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 555, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15594
  • Dae Jaweon: page 944, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 2, page 1288, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6A6B

Chinese

trad. 橫
simp. 横
alternative forms 撗
櫎/𰗓

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 橫
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡʷraːŋ, *ɡʷraːŋs, *kʷaːŋ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 黃 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ).

Etymology

“crosswise > door rail; side; cross-grained; unrestrained”
  • Related to 衡 (OC *ɡraːŋ, “crossbar”), 桁 (OC *ɡaːŋ, *ɡraːŋ, “purlin”), 珩 (OC *ɡraːŋ, “top horizontal gem of a girdle-pendant”) and 璜 (OC *ɡʷaːŋ, “jade pendant”) (Wang, 1982), and possibly 樑 (OC *raŋ, “roof beam”) (Schuessler, 2007).
  • Schuessler (2007) connects these with Khmer ខ្វែង (khvaeng, “to cross; to intersect; to crisscross; diagonal; etc.”) < Old Khmer khveṅ (“to go far around; to encircle; to enclose”). Compare Thai ขวาง (kwǎang, “to lie across; to bar; to obstruct; to thwart”) and the Khmer derivatives កំពែង (kɑmpɛɛng, “enclosing wall; rampart”), កំពង់ (kɑmpŭəng, “crossing-place; ford; port; shore”) (cf. Malay kampung).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • huan2 - vernacular;
  • hun2 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 橫 (橫豎)
Mandarin Beijing /xəŋ³⁵/
Harbin /xəŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /xəŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /xəŋ²¹/
Qingdao /xəŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xəŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /xuŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /xuə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /xuŋ⁵³/
/xəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /xũn¹³/
Ürümqi /xɤŋ⁵¹/
/xuŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /xuən²¹³/
Chengdu /xuən³¹/
Guiyang /xuan²¹/
/xen²¹/
Kunming /xuə̃³¹/
Nanjing /xun²⁴/
Hefei /xʊ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /xəŋ¹³/
/ɕye̞¹³/
Hohhot /xə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦuɑ̃²³/
Suzhou /ɦuã¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦuɑŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /viɛ³¹/
Hui Shexian /uɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /uɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /fən¹³/
/uan¹¹/
Xiangtan /ɸən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /uɑŋ⁴⁵/
/fɛn⁴⁵/ ~峰縣
Hakka Meixian /vaŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /vɑŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /waŋ²¹/
Nanning /waŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /waŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hiŋ³⁵/
/huãi³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /huaŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xuaŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /huẽ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hɔŋ³¹/
/hue³¹/

Rime
Character 橫
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 庚 (110)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 戸盲切
Baxter hwaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠwæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷᵚaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣuaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦwaɨjŋ/
Li
Rong
/ɣuɐŋ/
Wang
Li
/ɣwɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣwɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
hóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wang4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 橫
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
héng
Middle
Chinese
‹ hwæng ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.ɡʷˁraŋ/
English crosswise; horizontal

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 橫
Reading # 1/3
No. 5399
Phonetic
component
黄
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
橫
Old
Chinese
/*ɡʷraːŋ/

Definitions

橫

  1. middle rail of a wooden door; crosspiece
  2. to lie crossways; to be situated crosswise; to be horizontal
  3. to move crosswise; to cross; to traverse; to stretch across
  4. to cut crosswise; to intercept transversely
  5. to hold crosswise; to put something horizontally; to wear across
  6. crosswise; horizontal; transverse; across; east-west
  7. (historical) Horizontal Alliance, i.e. states during the Warring States period in Chinese history which ally with Qin to participate in its ascendancy
  8. side; nearby; something situated sideways
  9. to cast a sidelong glance at; to look sideways
  10. to brim with; to be brimming with; to fill; to be found all over
  11. to place over; to cover
  12. broad; vast; wide; extensive
  13. to crisscross; to interlock; to intersect; to be mixed together
  14. not listening to reason; unreasonable; unrestrained; outrageous
  15. (Chinese calligraphy) horizontal stroke (㇐)
    Antonym: 豎/竖 (shù)
  16. (historical) Alternative form of 衡 (héng, “supervisor; picket”)
  17. (historical) Alternative form of 黌/黉 (hóng, “school”)
  18. ancient placename in modern-day Shangqiu city in Henan province of China
  19. (Beijing and Jilu Mandarin) probably; presumably; perhaps; maybe
  20. (Beijing Mandarin, dialectal Wu) anyway; anyhow; in any case
  21. a surname
Coordinate terms

Compounds

Pronunciation 2



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 橫 (蠻橫)
Mandarin Beijing /xəŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /xəŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /xəŋ⁵³/
Jinan /xəŋ²¹/
Qingdao /xəŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xəŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /xuŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /xuə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /xuŋ¹³/
/xəŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /xũn¹³/
Ürümqi /xɤŋ⁵¹/
/xuŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /xuən²¹³/
Chengdu /xuən³¹/
Guiyang /xuen²¹/
Kunming /xuə̃¹/
Nanjing /xən⁴⁴/
Hefei /xən⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /xəŋ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /xəŋ³⁵/
Hohhot /xə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦuɑ̃²³/
Suzhou /ɦuã³¹/
Hangzhou /ʔuɑŋ³³/
Wenzhou /viɛ³¹/
Hui Shexian /uɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /xuɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /fən¹³/
Xiangtan /ɸən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /fɛn²¹/ ~財
Hakka Meixian /vaŋ⁵³/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /waŋ²²/
/waŋ²¹/
Nanning /waŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /waŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hiŋ²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /haiŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xuaŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /huẽ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hɔŋ⁵⁵/ 俗
/hue³¹/ 俗

Rime
Character 橫
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 庚 (110)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 戸孟切
Baxter hwaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠwæŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷᵚaŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣuaŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦwaɨjŋH/
Li
Rong
/ɣuɐŋH/
Wang
Li
/ɣwɐŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣwɐŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
hòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
wang6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 橫
Reading # 2/3
No. 5402
Phonetic
component
黄
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
蝗
Old
Chinese
/*ɡʷraːŋs/

Definitions

橫

  1. perverse and violent; unrestrained and aggressive; brutal and unreasonable; cross-grained
  2. unrestrainedly; turbulently; intrusively and violently
  3. in vain; wastefully
  4. sudden (and catastrophic); unexpected; unpredicted
  5. additional; supplementary; extra; extraneous
  6. contingency; mishap; misfortune; accident

Compounds

Pronunciation 3



Rime
Character 橫
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 唐 (102)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古黃切
Baxter kwang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kwɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwaŋ/
Li
Rong
/kuɑŋ/
Wang
Li
/kuɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guāng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwong1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 橫
Reading # 3/3
No. 5366
Phonetic
component
黄
Rime
group
陽
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷaːŋ/

Definitions

橫

  1. Alternative form of 光 (“light”)
  2. (~門) (historical) a gate of Chang'an City

Pronunciation 4


Definitions

橫

  1. Alternative form of 桄 (“reel thread on a revolving frame”)

Pronunciation 5


Definitions

橫

  1. Alternative form of 撗 (guàng, “a kind of grass”)

Pronunciation 6


Definitions

橫

  1. Alternative form of 櫎/𰗓 (“a kind of tool”)

Japanese

Shinjitai

横

Kyūjitai

橫

Kanji

橫

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 横)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 横

Readings

Korean

Hanja

橫 • (hoeng) (hangeul 횡)

  1. across
  2. horizontal, lateral

Vietnamese

Han character

橫: Hán Nôm readings: hoành, hoàng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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