雹

雹 U+96F9, 雹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F9
← 雸
[U+96F8]
CJK Unified Ideographs 雺 →
[U+96FA]

Translingual

Han character

雹 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月心口山 (MBPRU), four-corner 10712, composition ⿱雨包)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42248
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1882, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4061, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+96F9

Chinese

trad. 雹
simp. # 雹
alternative forms 𩅟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 雹
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *bruːɡ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-bru(ŋ/k) (“dragon; thunder”), whence also 龍 (OC *b·roŋ, *mroːŋ, “dragon”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • dok5-4, tok5-4 - vernacular;
  • bok5, bau1 - literary.

Rime
Character 雹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 覺 (10)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 蒲角切
Baxter baewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bˠʌk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/bᵚɔk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/bɔk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/baɨwk̚/
Li
Rong
/bɔk̚/
Wang
Li
/bɔk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱɔk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
bó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bok6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 雹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
báo
Middle
Chinese
‹ bæwk ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.[b]ˁruk/
English hail

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 雹
Reading # 1/1
No. 310
Phonetic
component
勹
Rime
group
覺
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
雹
Old
Chinese
/*bruːɡ/

Definitions

雹

  1. hail

Synonyms

Descendants

  • ⇒ Zhuang: lwgbag

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji

雹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. hail

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
雹
ひょう
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
雹 (hyō)

Perhaps from 氷 (hyō, “ice”) (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) ひょ​ー [hyóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA(key): [ço̞ː]

Noun

雹(ひょう) • (hyō) 

  1. hail
  2. a hailstone

Derived terms

  • 降(こう)雹(ひょう) (kōhyō)
  • 雹(ひょう)害(がい) (hyōgai)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 雹 (MC baewk).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448빡〮 (Yale: ppák)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527무〮뤼〮 (Yale: mwúlwúy)박〮 (Yale: pák)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 雹 (eumhun 우박 박 (ubak bak))

  1. Hanja form? of 박 (“hail”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

雹: Hán Nôm readings: bạc, bão, boạc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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