亙

See also: 𠄣 and 亘

亙	U+4E99, 亙 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E99

← 亘
[U+4E98]

CJK Unified Ideographs

亚 →
[U+4E9A]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

亙 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一月一 (MBM), four-corner 1010₆, composition ⿻𠄠⿴𠂊⺀)

Derived characters

恆, 絚, 𨀿, 䱍

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 87, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 265
Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 19, character 5
Unihan data for U+4E99

Chinese

trad.		亙/亘^*
simp.		亘^*
alternative forms		𠀕𠄣𠄭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 亙

**Small seal script**
s04388

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L07237	L24478	L24479	L24480

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (亙) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
搄	kɯːŋ, kɯːŋs
縆	kɯːŋ, kɯːŋs
絙	ɡoːn, kɯːŋ
亙	*kɯːŋs
堩	*kɯːŋs
恆	*ɡɯːŋ
峘	ɡoːn, ɡɯːŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 二 + 月 (“moon”).

Possibly also the original form of 恆.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gèn, gèng (gen⁴, geng⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄣˋ, ㄍㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gang²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kèng / khèng / khiàn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gèn
  - Wade–Giles: kên⁴
  - Yale: gèn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: genn
  - Palladius: гэнь (gɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gèng
  - Wade–Giles: kêng⁴
  - Yale: gèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: genq
  - Palladius: гэн (gɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gang²
  - Yale: gáng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gang²
  - Guangdong Romanization: geng²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐŋ³⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kèng
  - Tâi-lô: kìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kexng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khèng
  - Tâi-lô: khìng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qexng
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɪŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɪŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: rare in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiàn
  - Tâi-lô: khiàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiexn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɛn²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɛn¹¹/

Middle Chinese: kongH

Rime
Character	亙
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	登 (129)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古鄧切
Baxter	kongH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kəŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kəŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kəŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəŋ^H/
Li Rong	/kəŋ^H/
Wang Li	/kəŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kəŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gang³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤəŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kɯːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	亙
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gèn
Middle Chinese	‹ kong^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁəŋ-s/
English	continuous; constant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	亙
Reading #	1/1
No.	5122
Phonetic component	亙
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	亘
Old Chinese	/*kɯːŋs/
Notes	原作亙雲出方言，方言作緪。通行作此字，見漢賦，近甲文與說文㮓古文，中本象上弦月

Definitions

亙

(of space or time) to extend all the way; to stretch
^† continuous; complete
^† completely; thoroughly
a surname

Compounds

亙久／亘久
亙代／亘代
亙古／亘古 (gèngǔ)
亙古亙今／亘古亘今
亙古未有／亘古未有 (gèngǔwèiyǒu)
亙地／亘地 (gèndì)
亙天／亘天
亙屏／亘屏
亙帶／亘带
亙年／亘年
亙歷／亘历
亙絕／亘绝
亙舒／亘舒
亙連／亘连
亙隔／亘隔
修亙／修亘
包亙／包亘
周亙／周亘
層亙／层亘
崇亙／崇亘
延亙／延亘
彌亙／弥亘
彌天亙地／弥天亘地 (mítiāngèndì)
彌山亙野／弥山亘野
懸亙／悬亘
橫亙／横亘 (hénggèn)
沈亙
盤亙／盘亘
經亙／经亘
綿亙／绵亘 (miángèn)
聯亙／联亘
蟠亙／蟠亘
追亙／追亘
連亙／连亘 (liángèn)
遐亙／遐亘
邪亙／邪亘
雲亙／云亘

Japanese

Kanji

亙

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

request

Readings

Go-on: こう (kō)
Kan-on: こう (kō)
Kun: わたる (wataru, 亙る); わたり (watari, 亙り)

Korean

Hanja

亙 (eum 긍 (geung))

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Vietnamese

Han character

亙: Hán Nôm readings: cẳng, cắng, cứng, gắng, hẵng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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