榴

榴	U+69B4, 榴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-69B4

← 榳
[U+69B3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

榵 →
[U+69B5]

Translingual

Han character

榴 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木竹竹田 (DHHW), four-corner 4796₂, composition ⿰木留)

Derived characters

籕, 𡂆

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 544, character 24

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15280

Dae Jaweon: page 932, character 8

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1267, character 5

Unihan data for U+69B4

Chinese

simp. and trad.		榴
2nd round simp.		𰗶
alternative forms		橊

Opened pomegranate

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (卯) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
卯	*mruːʔ
昴	*mruːʔ
泖	*mruːʔ
茆	mruːʔ, m·ruʔ
奅	*m̥ʰruːs
窌	m̥ʰruːs, m·ruː, *m·rus
聊	*m·rɯːw
貿	*mlus
鄮	*mlus
劉	*m·ru
留	m·ru, m·rus
蒥	*m·ru
鶹	*m·ru
騮	*m·ru
榴	*m·ru
瑠	*ru
瘤	m·ru, m·rus
遛	*m·ru
鎦	*m·ru
飀	*m·ru
鰡	*m·ru
嵧	*m·ru
餾	m·ru, m·rus
瀏	m·ru, m·ruʔ
懰	m·ru, m·ruʔ
柳	*m·ruʔ
珋	*m·ruʔ
罶	*m·ruʔ
嬼	m·ruʔ, m·rus
溜	*m·rus
霤	*m·rus
廇	*m·rus
塯	*m·rus

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *m·ru) : semantic 木 + phonetic 留 (OC *m·ru, *m·rus).

Etymology

The botanist Li Shizhen suggests that 榴 is the same as 瘤 (OC *m·ru, *m·rus, “lump, tumour”), as the pomegranate fruit resembles cancerous outgrowths on the body.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): liú (liu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): niu¹
Cantonese (Jyutping): lau⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liù
Eastern Min (BUC): liù
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): liû

(Teochew, Peng'im): liu⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶lieu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liú
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lióu
  - Wade–Giles: liu²
  - Yale: lyóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liou
  - Palladius: лю (lju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: niu¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: liu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niəu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lau⁴
  - Yale: làuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: leo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐu̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù
  - Hakka Romanization System: liuˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: liu²
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: liù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃ieu⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liû
  - Tâi-lô: liû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liuu
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liu¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liu²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: liu⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: liû
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liu⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶lieu
  - MiniDict: lieu^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lieu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /liɤ²³/

Middle Chinese: ljuw

Rime
Character	榴
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力求切
Baxter	ljuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/liu/
Shao Rongfen	/liəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/luw/
Li Rong	/liu/
Wang Li	/lĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lau⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*m·ru/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	榴
Reading #	1/1
No.	8886
Phonetic component	卯
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	劉
Old Chinese	/*m·ru/

Definitions

榴

Short for 石榴 (shíliú, “pomegranate”).
a surname

Compounds

安石榴 (ānshíliú)
手榴彈／手榴弹 (shǒuliúdàn)
朱脣榴齒／朱唇榴齿
楠榴
榴彈／榴弹 (liúdàn)
榴彈炮／榴弹炮 (liúdànpào)
榴月 (Liúyuè)
榴槤／榴梿 (liúlián)
榴火
榴炮
榴花
榴蓮／榴莲 (liúlián)
榴連／榴连 (liúlián)
榴霰彈／榴霰弹
番石榴 (fānshíliú)
石榴 (shíliú)
石榴裙 (shíliúqún)
若榴 (ruòliú)
鎗榴彈／枪榴弹

Japanese

Kanji

榴

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

pomegranate

Readings

Go-on: る (ru)

Kan-on: りゅう (ryū)^{←りう (riu, historical)}

Kun: ざくろ (zakuro, 榴)

Compounds

Compounds with 榴

崖石榴(いたびかずら) (itabikazura)
若榴(ざくろ) (zakuro)
柘榴(ざくろ) (zakuro); or 柘榴(じゃくろ) (jakuro)
石榴(ざくろ) (zakuro); or 石榴(せきりゅう) (sekiryū); or 石榴(じゃくろ) (jakuro)
石榴石(ざくろいし) (zakuroishi)
石榴口(ざくろぐち) (zakuroguchi)
石榴鼻(ざくろばな) (zakurobana)
手榴弾(しゅりゅうだん) (shuryūdan); or 手榴弾(てりゅうだん) (teryūdan)
海石榴(つばき) (tsubaki)
花柘榴(はなざくろ) (hanazakuro)
蕃石榴(ばんじろう) (banjirō)
榴輝岩(りゅうきがん) (ryūkigan)
榴散弾(りゅうさんだん) (ryūsandan)
榴霰弾(りゅうさんだん) (ryūsandan)
榴弾(りゅうだん) (ryūdan)
榴弾砲(りゅうだんほう) (ryūdanhō)

Korean

Hanja

榴 • (ryu>yu) (hangeul 류>유, revised ryu>yu, McCune–Reischauer ryu>yu, Yale lyu>yu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

榴: Hán Nôm readings: lựu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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