席

See also: 蓆 and 度
席 U+5E2D, 席
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E2D
← 帬
[U+5E2C]
CJK Unified Ideographs 帮 →
[U+5E2E]

Translingual

Han character

席 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈廿中月 (ITLB), four-corner 00227, composition ⿸广⿱廿巾)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 332, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8926
  • Dae Jaweon: page 638, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 741, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5E2D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
席

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ljaːɡ) : phonetic 石 (OC *djaɡ) + semantic 巾 (“cloth”). In the small seal script 石 has corrupted into ⿸广廿. Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : abbreviated phonetic 庶 (OC *hljaɡs) + semantic 巾. In the variant 𠩛, 石 corrupted into 厂 instead.

Compare 度 (OC *daːɡs, *daːɡ) and 庶 (OC *hljaɡs).

Etymology 1

Etymology unclear. Various theories have been proposed:

  • Wang (1982) relates this to 藉 (OC *zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ), 蒩 (OC *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa), 薦 (OC *ʔseːns).
  • Schuessler (2007), reconstructing this word minimally as *s-lak, relates this word to 莽 (OC *mlaʔ, *mlaŋʔ, “grass”).
  • Baxter and Sagart (2014) derive it from a root *tak (“to place”), with circumstantial noun prefix *s-, literally “place for putting things”.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • sī - literary;
  • sīo̤ - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 席
Mandarin Beijing /ɕi³⁵/
Harbin /ɕi²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕi⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕi⁴²/
Qingdao /si⁴²/
Zhengzhou /si⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕi²⁴/
Xining /ɕji²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /ɕi⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕi⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕi²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕi³¹/
Guiyang /ɕi²¹/
Kunming /ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /siʔ⁵/
Hefei /ɕiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /ɕiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ɕiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ʑiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ziəʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /zei²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰi²²/
Tunxi /se¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /si²⁴/
Xiangtan /si²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ²/ ~子
/ɕiʔ⁵/ 酒~
Hakka Meixian /sit̚⁵/
Taoyuan /sit̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sek̚²/
Nanning /t͡sek̚²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sik̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sik̚⁵/
/sia⁵/ 宴~
/t͡sʰio³⁵/ 蓆
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /siʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /si⁴⁴/
/siɔ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰioʔ⁵/
/siaʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /sio³³/ 蓆
/tiak̚³/
/tia³⁵/

Rime
Character 席
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 邪 (17)
Final (韻) 昔 (123)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 祥易切
Baxter zjek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ziᴇk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ziɛk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ziæk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ziajk̚/
Li
Rong
/ziɛk̚/
Wang
Li
/zĭɛk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/zi̯ɛk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zik6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 席
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xí
Middle
Chinese
‹ zjek ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-m-tAk/
English mat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 席
Reading # 1/1
No. 11912
Phonetic
component
庶
Rime
group
鐸
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
席
Old
Chinese
/*ljaːɡ/
Notes 說文庶省古文從石省

Definitions

席

  1. seat
  2. food of a banquet
  3. Classifier for conversations.
  4. Classifier for seats (members) in a meeting.
  5. a surname

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (席):
  • → Japanese: 席(せき) (seki)

Others:

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 席 – see 蓆 (“woven mat made of bamboo strips or grass”).
(This character is the simplified and variant traditional form of 蓆).
Notes:

Compounds

  • 一席之地 (yīxízhīdì)
  • 一席地
  • 一席話/一席话 (yīxíhuà)
  • 上席
  • 下席
  • 不安席
  • 不暖席
  • 主席 (zhǔxí)
  • 主席團/主席团 (zhǔxítuán)
  • 伏席
  • 便席
  • 促席
  • 側席/侧席
  • 免席 (miǎnxí)
  • 入席 (rùxí)
  • 全席 (quánxí)
  • 几席
  • 出席 (chūxí)
  • 列席 (lièxí)
  • 刑席
  • 前席
  • 割席分坐
  • 即席 (jíxí)
  • 即席演奏
  • 吉席
  • 同席 (tóngxí)
  • 回席 (huíxí)
  • 在席
  • 坐不安席 (zuò bù ān xí)
  • 坐席 (zuòxí)
  • 塞席爾/塞席尔 (Sèxí'ěr)
  • 奉枕席
  • 奪席談經/夺席谈经
  • 孔席不暖
  • 孫晨稿席/孙晨稿席
  • 安席
  • 宴席 (yànxí)
  • 寒氈一席/寒毡一席
  • 寢不安席/寝不安席
  • 對席/对席
  • 居不重席
  • 巹席
  • 席上
  • 席上之珍
  • 席不暇暖
  • 席位 (xíwèi)
  • 席勝/席胜
  • 席卷 (xíjuǎn)
  • 席卷天下
  • 席地
  • 席地幕天
  • 席地而坐 (xídì'érzuò)
  • 席坐
  • 席夢思/席梦思 (xímèngsī)
  • 席子 (xízi)
  • 席家埡/席家垭 (Xíjiāyà)
  • 席寵/席宠
  • 席屋
  • 席帽
  • 席捲/席卷 (xíjuǎn)
  • 席次 (xícì)
  • 席特拉灣/席特拉湾
  • 席珍
  • 席珍待聘
  • 席篾
  • 席豐履厚/席丰履厚
  • 席間函丈/席间函丈
  • 席面 (xímiàn)
  • 幕天席地 (mùtiānxídì)
  • 平頭桌席/平头桌席
  • 座無空席/座无空席
  • 座無虛席/座无虚席 (zuòwúxūxí)
  • 戴憑奪席/戴凭夺席
  • 戴憑重席/戴凭重席
  • 扇枕溫席/扇枕温席
  • 拔刀斷席/拔刀断席
  • 拂席
  • 拂枕席
  • 揭席
  • 揆席
  • 搖席破坐/摇席破坐
  • 撞席
  • 撤席
  • 擇席/择席
  • 擺席/摆席
  • 教席 (jiàoxí)
  • 斷席/断席
  • 旁聽席/旁听席
  • 末席
  • 枕席 (zhěnxí)
  • 枕席之歡/枕席之欢
  • 桌席
  • 梅花席
  • 次席
  • 殘席/残席
  • 治席
  • 流水席 (liúshuǐxí)
  • 溫席扇枕/温席扇枕
  • 滿漢全席/满汉全席 (mǎnhànquánxí)
  • 爭席/争席
  • 白席人
  • 盡席/尽席
  • 省主席
  • 看席
  • 瞞天席地/瞒天席地
  • 硯席/砚席
  • 硬席 (yìngxí)
  • 禮席/礼席
  • 筍席/笋席
  • 答席
  • 筵席 (yánxí)
  • 筵席稅/筵席税
  • 管寧割席/管宁割席
  • 篾席
  • 素席 (sùxí)
  • 終席/终席
  • 絕席/绝席
  • 織席編屨/织席编屦
  • 缺席 (quēxí)
  • 聯席/联席 (liánxí)
  • 聯席審查/联席审查
  • 聯席會議/联席会议 (liánxí huìyì)
  • 腳席/脚席
  • 膝席
  • 臥不安席/卧不安席
  • 臺席/台席
  • 興席/兴席
  • 茵席之臣
  • 蒻席
  • 蒙席 (méngxí)
  • 蔽席
  • 薦寢席/荐寝席
  • 薦席/荐席
  • 薦枕席/荐枕席
  • 衽席
  • 裀席
  • 襒席
  • 西席 (xīxí)
  • 設席/设席
  • 設席張筵/设席张筵
  • 講席/讲席 (jiǎngxí)
  • 議席/议席 (yìxí)
  • 貼席/贴席
  • 赴席 (fùxí)
  • 起席
  • 越席
  • 躐席 (lièxí)
  • 軟席/软席 (ruǎnxí)
  • 輦席/辇席
  • 辦酒席/办酒席
  • 退席 (tuìxí)
  • 逃席
  • 避席 (bìxí)
  • 還席/还席
  • 酒席 (jiǔxí)
  • 鋪席/铺席
  • 開席/开席
  • 關席/关席
  • 降席
  • 陪席推事
  • 離席/离席 (líxí)
  • 首席 (shǒuxí)
  • 麻雀席
  • 黔突暖席
  • 鼎席
  • 齋席/斋席

References

Japanese

Kanji

席

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. seat
  2. mat
  3. location

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
席
せき
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

席(せき) • (seki) 

  1. seat
  2. meeting place; venue
  3. position; status

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
席
むしろ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 席 – see the following entry.
【筵むしろ】H
[noun] [from 720] a generic term for a woven mat made out of soft rush, bamboo, straw, or cattail
[noun] [from 1170] a seat; also used in public environments
[noun] [from 1603] a bed
[noun] (regional, Nagasaki, Kumamoto) a tatami mat
Alternative spellings
蓆, 莚
【筵もしろ】H
[noun] (dialectal, Tōhoku, Ishikawa, Izumo) Nonstandard form of むしろ (mushiro) above
Alternative spellings
蓆, 莚
(This term, 席, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 席 (eumhun 자리 석 (jari seok))

  1. Hanja form? of 석 (“seat”).

Vietnamese

Han character

席: Hán Nôm readings: tiệc, tịch

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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